Research Article

[Retracted] The Antioxidant and Starch Hydrolase Inhibitory Activity of Ten Spices in an In Vitro Model of Digestion: Bioaccessibility of Anthocyanins and Carotenoids

Table 7

-Amylase and -glucosidase inhibitory activities of the spice extracts prior and following digestion in the gastric and duodenal phases. denotes statistically significant difference as compared with the respective values prior to in vitro digestion.

Sample code-Amylase inhibitory activity-Glucosidase inhibitory activity
Prior
(IC50, μg/mL)
Gastric
(IC50, μg/mL)
Duodenal
(IC50, μg/mL)
Prior
(IC50, μg/mL)
Gastric
(IC50, μg/mL)
Duodenal
(IC50, μg/mL)

Fenugreek48.9 ± 1.649.5 ± 3.648.9 ± 1.855.8 ± 1.956.7 ± 1.456.9 ± 1.7
Curry leaves55.9 ± 1.458.7 ± 1.958.9 ± 1.859.6 ± 1.560.2 ± 1.661.2 ± 1.8
Coriander60.3 ± 1.861.4 ± 1.861.9 ± 1.769.8 ± 1.470.8± 1.671.9 ± 1.4
Nutmeg75.9 ± 1.275.9 ± 1.276.8 ± 1.981.2 ± 1.782.6 ± 1.683.9 ± 1.4
Star anise83.6 ± 1.684.9 ± 1.588.7 ± 1.492.6 ± 1.995.8 ± 2.096.8 ± 2.1
Sweet cumin104.9 ± 1.9106.2 ± 1.7109.5 ± 2.1119.5 ± 1.1120.3 ± 1.2121.5 ± 1.8
Cloves128.9 ± 3.6139.5 ± 2.4140.2 ± 3.6149.8 ± 2.6151.9 ± 2.4154.3 ± 2.5
Mustard169.8 ± 2.6170.6 ± 2.8171.6 ± 2.4179.6 ± 1.5184.6 ± 2.1188.4 ± 2.6
Cardamom197.9 ± 1.6198.6 ± 1.7198.6 ± 1.7256.3 ± 6.4256.9 ± 6.2256.9 ± 6.2
Cumin seeds254.6 ± 4.8269.4 ± 4.8266.1 ± 4.7279.6 ± 2.6281.6 ± 2.5281.4 ± 2.3