Effects of Vaccinium Berries on Serum Lipids: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 1

Characteristics of the 16 included studies.

Trials	Country	Subject	Design	Sample size; (I/C dropouts)	Cranberry form	Dosage of anthocyanins	Control	Length of study
Duthie et al. 2006 [29]	UK	Healthy subjects	Parallel	11/9 (0)	Cranberry juice	2.1 mg/d	Placebo	2 w
Valentová et al. 2007 [28]	Czech Republic	Healthy women	Parallel	21/20/16 (8)	Dried cranberry juice	2.6 mg/d and 7.8 mg/d	Placebo	4 w and 8 w
Wang et al. 2007 [30]	Taiwan	Healthy subjects	Parallel	20/20	Cranberry vinegar	Not stated	Placebo	10 w
Lee et al. 2008 [31]	Taiwan; China	Type 2 diabetes	Parallel	15/15 (0)	Cranberry capsule	Not stated	Placebo	12 w
Basu et al. 2011 [32]	USA	Women with metabolic syndrome	Parallel	15/16 (5)	Cranberry juice	24.8 mg/d	Placebo	8 w
Dohadwala et al. 2011 [33]	USA	Coronary artery disease	Crossover	44 (3)	Cranberry	94 mg/d	Placebo	4 w
Flammer et al. 2013 [34]	USA	Cardiovascular risk factors	Parallel	32/37 (15)	Cranberry juice cocktail	69.5 mg/d	Placebo	8 w
Riso et al. 2013 [35]	Italy	Men with cardiovascular risk factors	Crossover	18 (2)	Blueberry drink	375 mg	Placebo	6 w
Stull et al. 2010 [36]	USA	Obese, insulin-resistant	Parallel	15/17	Blueberry smoothie	668 mg/d	Placebo	6 w
Basu et al. 2010 [37]	USA	Obese, metabolic syndrome	Parallel	25/23 (18)	Blueberry beverage	742 mg/d	Placebo	8 w
Erlund et al. 2008 [38]	USA	Cardiovascular risk factors	Parallel	35/36 (1)	Bilberry, lingonberry	299 mg/d	Placebo	8 w
Qin et al. 2009 [25]	China	Dyslipidemic subjects	Parallel	60/60	Bilberry, blackcurrant	320 mg/d	Placebo	12 w
Zhu et al. 2013 [39]	China	Hypercholesterolemia	Parallel	73/73 (4)	Bilberry, blackcurrant	320 mg/d	Placebo	24 w
Lankinen et al. 2014 [40]	Finland	Metabolic syndrome	Parallel	37/34	Bilberry whole grain, fish	Not stated	Whole grain	12 w
Kianbakht et al. 2014 [41]	Iran	Hyperlipidemia	Parallel	40/40 (25)	Whortleberry	7.35 mg/d	Placebo	8 w
Soltani et al. 2014 [42]	Iran	Hyperlipidemia	Parallel	25/25 (4)	Whortleberry	90 mg/d	Placebo	4 w

I: intervention group; C: control group.