Rikkunshito Ameliorates Cancer Cachexia Partly through Elevation of Glucarate in Plasma

Table 3

Expression levels of enzymes involved in protein synthesis and degradation in the gastrocnemius muscle.

(% of control)	Control	Vehicle	4 mmol/kg/d	12 mmol/kg/d	36 mmol/kg/d
Atrogin-1	100 ± 42	651 ±	1135 ± 605	1133 ± 574	964 ± 889
MuRF-1	100 ± 31	364 ±	552 ± 523	397 ± 390	545 ± 477
MyoD	100 ± 18	42 ±	39 ± 31	33 ± 14	49 ± 41
Myogenin	100 ± 36	100 ± 56	102 ± 38	94 ± 60	82 ± 47

Data represent mean ± SD (–12). ; by unpaired Student’s -test versus control.