Review Article

Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivities of Cananga odorata (Ylang-Ylang)

Table 3

The constituents identified from the essential oil of C. odorata.

ClassConstituentsPlant partsReference

Monoterpenes(E)-β-OcimeneLeaf, fruit[1012]
(Z)-β-OcimeneLeaf, fruit[1012]
1,8-CineoleLeaf, flower, fruit[10, 1214]
Bornyl acetateLeaf[11]
CampheneLeaf, flower[11]
GeraniolLeaf, flower[11]
Geranyl acetateFlower[11, 13]
LimoneneLeaf, flower, fruit[1014]
LinaloolLeaf, flower[1013]
Linalyl acetateLeaf[11]
MyrceneLeaf, fruit[1012]
NeralFlower[15]
NerolFlower[14]
Neryl acetateFlower[15]
p-CymeneLeaf, fruit[11, 12]
Plinol aFlower[16]
Plinol dFlower[16]
SabineneLeaf, fruit[1012]
Terpinen-4-olLeaf, fruit[1012]
TerpinoleneLeaf, fruit[1012]
ThujanolFruit[12]
trans-Linalool oxide acetateFlower[15]
trans-β-OcimeneFlower[13, 14]
α-PhellandreneLeaf, fruit[1012]
α-PineneLeaf, flower, fruit[1014]
α-PyroneneFruit[16]
α-TerpineneLeaf, fruit[1012]
α-TerpineolLeaf, fruit[10, 1214]
α-ThujeneLeaf, fruit[11, 12]
β-MyrceneFlower[13, 14]
β-PhellandreneLeaf[11]
β-PineneLeaf, flower, fruit[1014]
γ-TerpineneLeaf, fruit[1012]

Sesquiterpenes(E,E)-FarnesalLeaf[11]
(E,E)-FarnesolLeaf, flower[11]
(E,E)-α-FarneseneFlower[11, 1315]
(E,Z)-FarnesalLeaf[11]
(2E,2Z)-FarnesalFlower[15]
(2Z,6E)-Farnesyl acetateFlower[15]
1,10-diepi-CubenolFlower[15]
1H-IndoleFlower[16]
1-epi-CubenolFlower[15]
5-IndanolFlower[15]
AromadendreneLeaf[11]
BicycloelemeneFlower[15]
BicyclogermacreneLeaf[1012]
CalameneFlower[13]
Caryophyllene epoxideLeaf[10]
Caryophyllene oxideLeaf, flower[11, 12, 14]
CedrolFlower[13, 14]
CopaborneolFlower[15]
CypereneFlower[15]
Germacrene DLeaf, flower, fruit[1014]
GlobulolLeaf[11]
GuaiolFlower[15]
Isogermacrene DFlower [15]
JejunolFlower[15]
LevoglucosenoneFlower[16]
Selina-4(15),5-dieneFlower[15]
SpathulenolLeaf[11]
t-CadinolLeaf[10, 12]
t-MuurololFlower[13, 14]
trans-NerolidolFlower[13, 14]
ViridiflorolLeaf[11]
ZonareneFlower[15]
α-AmorpheneLeaf, flower[10, 12]
α-BisabololFlower[13, 14]
α-BulneseneLeaf[11]
α-CadinolLeaf[10, 12]
α-CedreneFlower[13]
α-CopaeneLeaf, flower[1012]
α-CubebeneLeaf[11]
α-GurjuneneLeaf[11, 12]
α-HumuleneLeaf, flower, fruit[1014]
α-MuuroleneLeaf[10, 12]
α-YlangeneLeaf, flower[10, 1214]
β-BourboneneLeaf, flower[11, 14, 15]
β-CaryophylleneLeaf, flower, fruit[1012]
β-CopaeneLeaf[12]
β-CubebeneLeaf, flower[1012, 14]
β-ElemeneLeaf[11, 12]
γ-CadineneLeaf[10, 12]
γ-MuuroleneFlower, fruit [13]
δ-CadineneLeaf, flower[1012]
δ-CadinolFlower[13, 14]
δ-ElemeneLeaf[10, 12]
ε-Cadinene Flower[13]
τ-CadineneFlower[13]
τ-Cadinol Flower[13, 14]
τ-MuuroleneFlower[13]

Aliphatic compounds(2E,6E)-Farnesyl acetateFlower[11, 13, 14, 17]
(E)-Hex-2-enalLeaf [10, 12]
(E)-Hex-2-enolLeaf, flower[10, 12]
(Z)-Hex-3-enolLeaf, flower[10, 12]
2-Hexenyl acetateFlower[13, 14]
2-Methyl-3-buten-2-olFlower[13, 14]
3-Hexenyl acetateFlower[13, 14]
3-Methyl-2-buten-1-olFlower[13, 14]
3-Methyl-2-buten-1-yl acetate (prenyl acetate)Flower[14, 17]
Benzyl alcoholFlower[13, 14]
DecaneFlower[16]
Diethyl 1,5-pentanedioateFlower[16]
DodecaneFlower[16]
Methyl 3-methylbutanoateFlower[16]
Methyl caprylateFlower[16]
n-HexanolLeaf, fruit[10, 12]
HeptanalFlower[15]
TetracosaneFlower[15]
TricosaneFlower[15]
UndecaneFlower[16]

Phenylpropanoids(E)-Cinnamyl acetateFlower[11, 13]
1,4-DimethylbenzeneFlower[14]
1-Methoxy-1-propylbenzeneFlower[16]
1-Phenyl-2-propen-1-olFlower[16]
1-Phenylallyl acetateFlower[16]
2-Methoxy-4-methylphenolFlower[14]
2-Phenylethyl acetateFlower[13]
3,4-DimethoxytolueneFlower[14]
3-Buten-2-ol benzoateFlower[14]
3-Hexen-1-ol benzoateFlower[14]
3-Methyl-2-buten-1-yl benzoateFlower[15]
4-(2-Propenyl)-phenolFlower[14]
4-Allyl-phenyl-acetateFlower[15]
4-Methoxy benzaldehydeFlower[16]
4-Methoxyphenyl acetate Flower[14]
AnetholFlower[13, 14]
Benzyl acetateFlower[11, 13, 14]
Benzyl benzoateFlower[11, 13, 14]
Benzyl salicylateFlower[11, 13, 14]
BenzylaldehydeFlower[14]
Benzyl-n-butyrateFlower[14]
Butyl benzoateFlower[14]
Cinnamyl alcoholFlower[14]
Ethyl benzoateFlower[13, 14]
IsoeugenolFlower[14]
MethoxyphenolFlower[14]
Methyl benzoateFlower[11, 13, 14]
Methyl-2-methoxybenzoateFlower[14]
Methyl-4-methoxybenzoateFlower[14]
MethyleugenolFlower[13, 14]
p-Cresyl methyl ether (p-methylanisole)Flower[13, 17, 18]
p-Vinyl-guaiacolFlower[15]
VanillinFlower[15]
VeratroleFlower[15]

Nitrogen-bearing compoundsPhenylacetonitrileFlower[14]
2-Phenyl-1-nitroethaneFlower[14]
Methyl anthranilateFlower[14]