Cytotoxic Effect and TLC Bioautography-Guided Approach to Detect Health Properties of Amazonian Hedyosmum sprucei Essential Oil
Table 1
Chemical composition of Hedyosmum sprucei essential oil and characterization of active antioxidant and antibacterial compounds isolated, respectively, from (HP)TLC-DPPH and (HP)TLC bioautography assays.
Number
% area
Compounds
AI exp
AI lett
% area
Antioxidant fraction
Antibacterial fraction
0.2–0.4
1
1.99
α-Pinene
929
932
2
1.40
β-Pinene
973
974
3
0.19
Myrcene
987
988
4
3.48
α-Phellandrene
1005
1002
5
0.27
p-Cymene
1021
1020
6
0.50
Limonene
1025
1024
7
0.31
β-Phellandrene
1026
1025
8
0.29
1,8-Cineole
1027
1026
6.84
1.16
9
0.82
trans-Ocimene
1042
1044
10
0.85
Linalool
1100
1095
6.01
11
0.76
δ-Elemene
1340
1335
1.95
12
0.98
α-Cubebene
1352
1345
1.13
0.59
13
5.08
α-Copaene
1377
1374
5.72
14
0.19
β-Bourbonene
1382
1387
15
0.72
β-Cubebene
1387
1387
0.87
16
1.87
β-Elemene
1388
1389
6.16
17
1.86
Methyl eugenol
1401
1403
60.23
26.33
18
15.53
β-Caryophyllene
1412
1417
23.14
19
0.37
β-Copaene
1424
1430
20
3.47
α-Caryophyllene
1451
1452
5.55
21
0.15
allo-Aromadendrene
1456
1458
22
0.22
cis-Cadina-1(6),4-diene
1459
1461
23
0.42
γ-Gurjunene
1470
1475
24
1.64
γ-Muurolene
1474
1478
2.28
25
23.16
Germacrene D
1479
1484
40.28
26
0.55
cis-β-Guaiene
1484
1492
27
0.31
trans-Muurola-4(14),5-diene
1487
1493
3.80
28
0.15
γ-Amorphene
1489
1495
39
1.71
Bicyclogermacrene
1491
1500
1.85
30
1.08
α-Muurolene
1495
1500
2.00
31
0.29
trans-β-Guaiene
1499
1502
32
1.82
Germacrene A
1501
1508
33
0.61
δ-Amorphene
1509
1511
2.57
34
0.50
γ-Cadinene
1512
1513
35
5.50
δ-Cadinene
1516
1522
8.78
36
0.22
trans-Calamenene
1520
1522
37
0.30
trans-Cadina-1(2)-4-diene
1530
1533
38
0.18
α-Cadinene
1535
1537
39
0.29
Elemol
1549
1548
2.59
40
1.13
Germacrene B
1557
1559
1.17
41
1.66
trans-Nerolidol
1562
1561
1.11
42
0.17
Spathulenol
1577
1577
1.77
43
0.91
Caryophyllene oxide
1581
1582
23.48
45.30
44
0.35
Humulene 1,2-epoxide
1609
1608
2.48
7.77
45
0.51
β-Atlantol
1617
1608
2.38
46
0.58
1,10-di-epi-Cubenol
1623
1621
4.12
18.81
47
1.71
1-epi-Cubenol
1630
1629
2.85
0.62
48
0.42
γ-Eudesmol
1634
1632
2.53
49
1.46
τ-Cadinol
1645
1638
3.33
50
1.12
τ-Muurolol
1647
1642
10.78
51
1.12
Cubenol
1650
1646
52
1.65
α-Muurolol
1659
1652
29.44
13.72
53
3.29
α-Cadinol
1662
1660
70.56
33.99
54
1.35
Selin-11-en-4-α-ol
1645
1638
9.33
55
0.22
Germacra-4(15),5,10(14)-trien-1-α-ol
1647
1642
56
0.62
Eudesma-4(15),7-dien-1-β-ol
1690
1685
3.12
57
0.19
γ-Costol
1694
1687
58
0.18
Mint sulfide
1730
1745
total
96.11
Relative peak areas were calculated by GC-FID. Arithmetic indices were calculated on a Varian VF-5ms column.