Review Article

A Role of Ginseng and Its Constituents in the Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders

Table 1

Effects of ginseng and its metabolites in neurodegenerative disorder. AD: Alzheimer’s disease, PD: Parkinson’s disease, HD: Huntington’s disease, ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and A: -amyloid.

Neurodegenerative disorderActive compoundResearch typeMechanismReference

ADRb1, Rg1, Rg5, Rd, Re, gintonin, and ginseng extract panaxynolAnimal model and cell cultureDecrease A production and aggregation, increase A clearance, decrease of tau hyperphosphorylation, and improve cholinergic function[6773]

PDRb, Rg1, and ginseng extract G115Animal model and
cell culture
Protection against neurotoxic damage and inhibition of a-synuclein aggregation[7478]

HDRb1, Rc, and Rg5Animal modelProtection against neurotoxic damage and inhibition of Ca2+ signaling[79]

ALS Panax quinquefolius’s root extractAnimal modelUnknown[80]