The Difference between the Two Representative Kampo Formulas for Treating Dysmenorrhea: An Observational Study
Table 2
Baseline characteristics of the patients included in the study.
Comparison and model- development set May 2008 to March 2013
External validation set April 2013 to December 2015
value
Number of patients
128
40
N/A
Age at consultation
Mean ± SD
32.8 ± 8.3
35.0 ± 7.0
0.108
Median
33
37
0.129
Range
12–50
22–47
N/A
0 (0.0)
0 (0.0)
Age at menarche, years
Mean ± SD
12.3 ± 1.5
12.7 ± 2.1
0.245
Median
12
12
0.355
Range
9–17
10–21
N/A
2 (1.6)
1 (2.5)
Menstrual cycle, days
Mean ± SD
29.1 ± 4.8
28.2 ± 2.6
0.162
Median
28
28
0.076
Range
16–60
24–40
N/A
22 (17.2)
9 (22.5)
Bleeding period, days
Mean ± SD
5.9 ± 1.6
5.6 ± 1.5
0.366
Median
6
5
0.196
Range
3–14
3–10
N/A
13 (10.2)
3 (7.5)
BMI, kg/m2
Mean ± SD
20.8 ± 3.1
20.8 ± 2.8
0.905
Median
20.4
20.6
0.572
Range
15.9–39.8
16.2–31.6
<18.5 (slim)
27 (21.1)
5 (12.5)
0.259
≥25 (obese)
11 (8.6)
2 (5.0)
0.735
N/A
3 (2.3)
0 (0.0)
Use of OCs
No
117 (91.4)
31 (77.5)
0.025
Yes
11 (8.6)
9 (22.5)
Delivery
No
116 (90.6)
35 (87.5)
0.556
Yes
12 (9.4)
5 (12.5)
Abortion
No
114 (89.1)
35 (87.5)
0.778
Yes
14 (10.9)
5 (12.5)
Diagnosed organic disease
No
105 (82.0)
25 (62.5)
0.016
Endometriosis
14 (10.9)
11 (27.5)
0.019
Adenomyosis
10 (7.8)
10 (25.0)
0.009
Infertility (primary and secondary)
No
123 (96.1)
45 (87.5)
0.146
Yes
5 (3.9)
5 (12.5)
N/A, not available; BMI, body mass index; OCs, oral contraceptives. Findings are expressed as mean ± SD, median, range, or number with percentage in parentheses. values were calculated using -test, Wilcoxon’s rank sum test, and Fisher’s exact test.
