Repeated Electroacupuncture Persistently Elevates Adenosine and Ameliorates Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Rats

Figure 7

Metabolism of adenosine. Acupuncture causes ATP release. ATP is metabolized extracellularly to AMP by ectonucleotidases. CD73 hydrolyzes AMP to adenosine. Finally, adenosine is degraded to inosine by ADA or transported back into cells.