Glucotoxicity Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation In Vivo and In Vitro in Psammomys obesus: Involvement of Aqueous Extract of Brassica rapa rapifera

Figure 4

Evaluation of glucotoxicity signaling pathways (IRS1 P S 312 and AKT) in vascular smooth muscle’s cells (VSMCs) of Psammomys obesus submitted to glucotoxicity (Glc 0.6% for 48 hours) and treated with aqueous extract of Brassica rapa (AEBr) at 2100 μg/mL for 24 hours. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (S.D); (). Po: Psammomys obesus; Glc: D-Glucose. denotes a statistical difference; statistically different. (Po VSMCs control + AEBr versus Po VSMCs control); (Po VSMCs Glc versus Po VSMCs control); (Po VSMCs Glc + AEBr versus Po control + AEBr); (Po VSMCs Glc + AEBr versus Po VSMCs Glc).