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| Chinese patent medicine | Component | Methods of study | Result | Mechanism | Effect on the four principles of AF |
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| Wenxin granule | Codonopsis pilosula Nannf., polygonatum sibiricum Red., Panax notoginseng, Nardostachys chinensis Batal., and amber | Clinical research (AF patients) [39] and cellular study (canine right cardiomyocytes) [38] | Shortening conversion time, decreasing the required dosage of amiodarone and avoiding the adverse reaction [39], prolongation of the ERP selectively in the atrial cardiomyocytes without APD prolongation, lengthening the P-wave duration, and preventing persistent AF [38] | Inhibition of INa selectivity in atrium [38, 41] | Rhythm control |
| Animal study (dog) | Lowering AF inducibility after the ganglionic plexi (GP) ablation | Suppressing atrial substrate remodeling without increasing the levels of ANP, TNF-α, and IL-6 and expression of connexin 43 in atrial tissues [47] | Management of risk factors and rhythm control |
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| Shen Song Yang Xin capsule | Panax ginseng, Ophiopogon japonicus, Cornus officinalis Sieb., Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., Ziziphus jujuba Mill., Taxillus chinensis Danser, Paeonia lactiflora Pall., ground beetle, Nardostachys jatamansi, Coptis chinensis Franch., Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd., and fossilia ossis mastodi | Clinical research (paroxysmal AF patients) | Paroxysmal AF [53] | / | Rhythm control |
| Cellular study (rabbit pulmonary vein cardiomyocytes) | Prolonging APD | Depressing the ICa-L, Ito, and IK1 [54] | Rhythm control |
| Animal study (rat) [55], clinical research (premature ventricular contractions patients) [56], and cellular study (guinea pig ventricular myocytes) [57] | Treating premature ventricular contractions and ventricular arrhythmias [55, 56] | Blocking INa, ICaL, Ito, and IK1 [57, 58] | / |
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| Shenmai injection | Ginseng saponins, radix ophiopogonis saponins, radix ophiopogonis flavonoids and traces of ginseng polysaccharides, and radix ophiopogonis polysaccharide | Clinical research | Converting AF into sinus rhythm | Prolonging ERP [60] | Rhythm control |
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