Pattern of Traditional Medicine Utilization among HIV/AIDS Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy at a University Hospital in Northwestern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 5

Previous studies on the use of reported medicinal plants.

Plant name	Plant part/type of preparation	Medicinal use	References
Black cumin (Nigella sativa)	Volatile oil of the seed	Immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antimicrobial, antineoplastic, and antioxidant activity	[22–24]
Garlic (Allium sativum)	Isolated compounds (Ajoenes), crude extract of the bulb	Activities against immunodeficiency virus, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidants activities	[25–28]
Ginger (Zingiber officinale)	Methanolic extracts of the leaves and rhizomes	Immunomodulatory, antitumorigenic, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antihyperglycemic, antilipidemic antiemetic, antioxidants, and antimicrobials activities	[29, 30]
Moringa (Moringa oleifera)	Volatile oil from leaves; extracts from leaves and roots	Anti-HSV (herpes simplex virus type 1), antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, diuretic, cholesterol lowering, antitumor, and anticancer activities	[31–33]