Adulteration and Contamination of Commercial Sap of Hymenaea Species

Figure 3

(a) Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and (b) Biplot of loadings and samples. Js-1 to Js-6 (commercial samples), Hm-1, Hs-1, and Hs-2 (authentic jatobá sap), and Hm-sb1, Hs-sb1, and Hs-sb2 (bark decoctions). The samples Hm-1 and Hm-sb1 belong to H. martiana and Hs-1, Hs-2, Hs-sb1, and Hs-sb2 to H. stigonocarpa. Ellipses represent 95% confidence area around the groups.

(a)

(b)