The Effects of Aromatherapy on Intensive Care Unit Patients’ Stress and Sleep Quality: A Nonrandomised Controlled Trial

Table 2

The effects of aromatherapy on stress and sleep quality.

		Exp.; ()	Cont.; ()	or
		M ± SD	M ± SD
Perceived stress	Pretest 1; ()	8.10 ± 1.61	6.27 ± 1.70		<.001	Time 2.99; (); Group 148.43; (); 60.11 ()
	Pretest 2; ()	8.23 ± 2.03	7.27 ± 1.70	0.129	.721
	Posttest 1; ()	5.33 ± 1.24	7.80 ± 1.24	120.481	<.001
	Posttest 2; ()	5.47 ± 0.97	8.23 ± 1.04	167.557	<.001
	Posttest 3 ()	3.73 ± 0.87	8.50 ± 0.90	390.022	<.001
Stress index	Pretest 1; ()	7.73 ± 1.79	6.17 ± 3.11		.020	Time 0.52; (); Group 52.91; (); 25.65 ()
	Pretest 2; ()	8.37 ± 1.79	7.80 ± 2.66	0.382	.539
	Posttest 1; ()	3.90 ± 2.23	7.60 ± 2.70	44.866	<.001
	Posttest 2; ()	4.37 ± 1.97	8.00 ± 1.89	74.309	<.001
Quality of sleep	Pretest 1; ()	65.13 ± 5.69	61.03 ± 7.83		.524	Time 294.60; (); Group 221.12; (); 109.46 ()
	Posttest 1; ()	52.90 ± 5.57	33.56 ± 7.15		<.001
	Posttest 2; ()	57.73 ± 5.61	25.80 ± 6.95		<.001

Exp. = experimental group; Cont. = control group; M ± SD: mean ± standard deviation; : admission day; : admission day before sleep; : experimental 1st day, 8 a.m.; : experimental 1st day, 8 p.m.; : experimental 2nd day, 8 a.m.