Memory Improvement Effect of Ethanol Garlic (<i>A. sativum</i>) Extract in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats Is Mediated through Increasing of Hippocampal Sodium-Potassium ATPase, Glutamine Synthetase, and Calcium ATPase Activities

<table class="table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_center" colspan="5">Fasting blood glucose levels (mg/dl)</td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Groups</td><td class="align_center">Day 3</td><td class="align_center">Day 7</td><td class="align_center">Day 14</td><td class="align_center">Day 21</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">(A) Normal control rats</td><td class="align_center">110 ± 0.64</td><td class="align_center">108 ± 0.58</td><td class="align_center">109 ± 0.39</td><td class="align_center">108 ± 0.38</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">(B) Diabetic rats</td><td class="align_center">323 ± 19.34</td><td class="align_center">344 ± 12.42</td><td class="align_center">449 ± 7.41</td><td class="align_center">468 ± 6.07</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">(C) Diabetic rats + 1000 mg/kg of ethanol garlic extract</td><td class="align_center">330 ± 14.63</td><td class="align_center">297 ± 21.36</td><td class="align_center">143 ± 0.99</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 60.2047ptpx;"><svg height="10.4525pt" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-0.3500004pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.1025 60.2047 10.4525" width="60.2047pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z" id="g113-50"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.24,0)"><path d="M285 378C315 398 338 416 353 432C373 451 384 474 384 503C384 579 325 635 236 635H235C182 635 136 610 108 579L65 516L85 496C110 533 150 575 205 575C258 575 300 543 300 481C300 407 232 369 141 339L147 310C163 315 188 321 211 321C268 321 338 284 338 192C338 94 288 40 217 40C160 40 119 68 93 91C85 98 77 97 69 91C60 84 47 71 46 58C44 46 48 35 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270Z" id="g113-42"></path></g></svg>.</span> The data was analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. <svg height="10.7395pt" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-0.6370001pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.1025 57.1818 10.7395" width="57.1818pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M486 158C486 177 478 202 466 220C413 228 386 236 336 262C386 288 413 297 466 304C478 323 486 347 485 366C470 376 444 381 422 380C389 338 368 319 321 288C323 345 329 372 349 422C339 442 322 461 305 470C289 461 271 442 262 422C281 372 287 345 290 288C243 319 222 338 189 380C167 381 142 376 125 366C125 347 133 322 145 304C198 296 225 288 275 262C225 236 198 227 145 220C133 201 125 177 126 158C141 148 167 143 189 144C222 186 243 205 290 236C288 179 282 152 262 102C272 82 289 63 306 54C322 63 340 82 350 102C330 152 324 179 321 236C368 205 390 186 422 144C444 143 470 148 486 158Z" 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Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Memory Improvement Effect of Ethanol Garlic (<i>A. sativum</i>) Extract in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats Is Mediated through Increasing of Hippocampal Sodium-Potassium ATPase, Glutamine Synthetase, and Calcium ATPase Activities 

Table 2 | Memory Improvement Effect of Ethanol Garlic (A. sativum) Extract in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats Is Mediated through Increasing of Hippocampal Sodium-Potassium ATPase, Glutamine Synthetase, and Calcium ATPase Activities 