Investigating Potential Modes of Actions of Mimusops kummel Fruit Extract and Solvent Fractions for Their Antidiarrheal Activities in Mice
Table 1
Antidiarrheal effects of 80% MeOH-E and solvent fractions of M. kummel fruits on castor oil induced diarrheal model in mice.
Extracts
Dose administered
Onset of diarrhea (min)
Number of wet feces
Total number of feces
Average weight of wet feces (gm)
Average weight of total feces (gm)
% reduction
% wet fecal outputs
% total fecal outputs
80% MeOH-E
Control1
44.33 ± 1.65
10.50 ± 1.18
11.83 ± 0.94
0.46 ± 0.11
0.49 ± 0.12
—
—
—
100 mg/kg
67.00 ± 1.13
3.00 ± 0.72
4.17 ± 1.55
0.16 ± 0.06
0.21 ± 0.05
71.40
34.78
42.86
200 mg/kg
93.33 ± 1.63
2.83 ± 0.94
3.50 ± 0.67
0.13 ± 0.03
0.17 ± 0.03
76.70
28.26
34.69
400 mg/kg
110.67 ± 1.63
1.50 ± 0.84
2.33 ± 0.83
0.07 ± 0.03
0.08 ± 0.04
85.70
15.22
16.33
3 mg/kg loperamide
124.17 ± 1.09
2.17 ± 0.60
2.67 ± 0.65
0.13 ± 0.02
0.17 ± 0.02
79.40
28.26
34.69
Solvent fractions
Control2
53.17 ± 2.05
8.50 ± 0.84
9.67 ± 1.10
0.41 ± 0.02
0.45 ± 0.03
—
—
—
Solvent fractions
CF100 mg/kg
72.00 ± 2.02
7.67 ± 1.21
9.33 ± 0.97
0.40 ± 0.10
0.44 ± 0.09
9.76
97.56
97.78
CF200 mg/kg
86.50 ± 1.50
5.83 ± 0.94
7.50 ± 0.98
0.30 ± 0.06
0.37 ± 0.06
31.41
73.17
82.22
CF400 mg/kg
101.17 ± 2.74
5.17 ± 0.94
7.17 ± 0.60
0.22 ± 0.06
0.27 ± 0.05
39.18
53.66
60.00
Solvent fractions
n-BF100 mg/kg
88.33 ± 1.73
6.83 ± 1.18
7.33 ± 0.97
0.32 ± 0.03
0.33 ± 0.03
19.65
78.05
73.33
n-BF200 mg/kg
102.17 ± 2.1
4.67 ± 1.30
6.33 ± 0.82
0.29 ± 0.02
0.31 ± 0.01
45.06
70.73
68.89
n-BF400 mg/kg
123.17 ± 1.78
3.67 ± 1.30
5.50 ± 0.84
0.18 ± 0.02
0.22 ± 0.02
56.82
43.90
48.89
Solvent fractions
AF100 mg/kg
92.67 ± 1.40
3.33 ± 0.66
3.83 ± 0.60
0.26 ± 0.02
0.27 ± 0.02
60.82
63.41
60.00
AF200 mg/kg
113.83 ± 1.1
2.67 ± 0.82
3.83 ± 0.94
0.18 ± 0.01
0.22 ± 0.03
68.59
43.90
48.89
AF400 mg/kg
122.33 ± 0.97
2.50 ± 1.10
3.67 ± 0.82
0.18 ± 0.02
0.21 ± 0.02
70.59
43.90
46.67
Solvent fractions
3 mg/kg loperamide
134.83 ± 1.38
1.67 ± 0.66
2.67 ± 0.66
0.13 ± 0.02
0.16 ± 0.02
80.35
31.71
35.56
Values are expressed as mean ± CI95 (n = 6); analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test; compared with control values; compared with loperamide; compared with 200 mg/kg; compared with 400 mg/kg; p < 0.05; 80% MeOH-E = 80% methanolic extract; CF = chloroform fraction; n-BF = n-butanol fraction; AF = aqueous fraction; CI95 = 95% confidence interval. Controls are 10 mL/kg distilled water (1for 80% MeOH-E) and 2% Tween 80 in distilled water (2for chloroform, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions).
