The Antidiabetic Activity of Nigella sativa and Propolis on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy in Male Rats

Table 2

Effect of treating diabetic rats with methanolic extracts of N. sativa and propolis for 4 weeks on immunoglobulins and IL-6.

Parameters	Statistics	G1; N. control	G2; P. control	G3; Nigella sativa extract	G4; Propolis extract
Serum IgG (mg/dL)	Mean ± SE
	LSD
	0.05 = 152.870
	t-test	—	−63.91	1.55	45.12
Serum IgA (mg/dL)	Mean ± SE
	LSD
	0.05 = 5.492
	t-test	—	−85.42	52.10	92.71
Serum IgM (mg/dL)	Mean ± SE
	LSD
	0.05 = 5.614
	t-test	—	−138.06	45.31	65.29
Serum IL-6 (pg/mL)	Mean ± SE
	LSD
	0.05 = 1.630
	t-test	—	−17.24	11.26	20.71
IL6 (pg/g); Kidney tissue	Mean ± SE
	LSD
	0.05 = 4.285
	t-test	—	−14.14	16.67	19.38
Carboxymethyl lysine (CML) (nmol/mL)	Mean ± SE
	LSD
	0.05 = 6.574
	t-test	—	−24.84	10.93	23.52

Data are represented as mean ± SE. t-test values superscripts (a, b, c, or d) are significantly different at , whereas means with the same superscript letters mean that there is no significant difference at . LSD: least significant difference; NS: nonsignificant.