Comparative Phytochemical Profiling and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Raw Materials, Tissue-Cultured Plants, and Callus of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent.

Table 1

Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant activity of extracts from various parts and different growth stages of O. indicum.

Sample	Yield (% w/w)	Total phenolic content; (g GAE/100 g extract)	Total flavonoid content; (g QE/100 g extract)	Antioxidant activity; (EC50, μg/mL)
OIMS	17.54	7.31 ± 0.92	5.31 ± 0.73	73.81 ± 1.89
OIWF	26.11	4.57 ± 0.45	4.68 ± 0.12	65.89 ± 5.48
OIFL1	16.12	6.30 ± 0.46	5.83 ± 0.28	48.14 ± 0.92
OIFL2	15.46	2.15 ± 0.24	3.58 ± 0.17	71.69 ± 3.01
OIFL3	39.91	2.97 ± 0.31	3.33 ± 0.10	84.64 ± 2.49
OIFL4	30.52	2.63 ± 0.33	2.41 ± 0.04	26.04 ± 0.59
OIL	22.02	4.10 ± 0.70	4.59 ± 0.32	63.21 ± 4.79
OIPC	11.10	5.66 ± 0.45	3.24 ± 0.18	23.66 ± 1.47
OIS	11.63	2.31 ± 0.22	3.32 ± 0.10	17.69 ± 1.55
OITPd3	17.80	2.74 ± 0.59	1.25 ± 0.08	162.38 ± 6.34
OITPd5	18.53	7.79 ± 1.02	2.30 ± 0.21	69.61 ± 2.67
OITPd7	25.34	7.19 ± 0.85	2.80 ± 0.17	68.96 ± 0.36
OITPw2	27.83	6.01 ± 0.29	2.34 ± 0.12	95.03 ± 1.06
OITPw3	31.73	5.50 ± 0.46	0.94 ± 0.24	119.42 ± 3.08
OITPw4	31.47	1.93 ± 0.54	0.73 ± 0.08	156.97 ± 4.16
OITPw5R	10.38	0.74 ± 0.14	0.19 ± 0.06	500.98 ± 12.25
OITPw5S	24.55	3.82 ± 0.18	1.30 ± 0.11	117.49 ± 19.81
OITPw6R	18.90	1.17 ± 0.05	Cannot be detected	435.21 ± 2.30
OITPw6S	19.17	2.72 ± 0.35	1.26 ± 0.11	205.60 ± 2.25
OITPw7R	16.11	2.43 ± 0.52	Cannot be detected	454.36 ± 9.15
OITPw7S	18.45	2.67 ± 0.14	0.03 ± 0.00	251.63 ± 2.95
OITPw8R	19.10	1.44 ± 0.08	Cannot be detected	607.57 ± 4.52
OITPw8S	20.12	1.72 ± 0.40	2.32 ± 0.27	85.19 ± 2.39
OICB	25.12	6.90 ± 0.45	2.73 ± 0.03	38.78 ± 1.32
OICG	26.83	5.09 ± 1.00	2.66 ± 0.07	98.55 ± 1.92
OICW	27.30	7.05 ± 0.90	2.61 ± 0.06	63.62 ± 3.32
OICY	24.64	6.41 ± 0.91	2.63 ± 0.03	58.64 ± 2.59
Ascorbic acid	—	—	—	5.10 ± 0.57
Chrysin	—	—	—	>500
Baicalein	—	—	—	8.98 ± 0.86
Baicalin	—	—	—	32.49 ± 12.52

Different letters in the same column are significantly different ; OIMS = OI seed extract, OIWF = OI whole fruit extract, OIFL1 = OI flower stage 1 extract, OIFL2 = OI flower stage 2 extract, OIFL3 = OI flower stage 3 extract, OIFL4 = OI flower stage 4 extract, OIL = OI leaf extract, OIPC = OI pedicel extract, OIS = OI stalk extract, OITPd3 = OI tissue-cultured plant day 3 extract, OITPd5 = OI tissue-cultured plant day 5 extract, OITPd7 = OI tissue-cultured plant day 7 extract, OITPw2 = OI tissue-cultured plant week 2 extract, OITPw3 = OI tissue-cultured plant week 3 extract, OITPw4 = OI tissue-cultured plant week 4 extract, OITPw5R = OI tissue-cultured plant week 5 root extract, OITPw5S = OI tissue-cultured plant week 5 shoot extract, OITPw6R = OI tissue-cultured plant week 6 root extract, OITPw6S = OI tissue-cultured plant week 6 shoot extract, OITPw7R = OI tissue-cultured plant week 7 root extract, OITPw7S = OI tissue-cultured plant week 7 shoot extract, OITPw8R = OI tissue-cultured plant week 8 root extract, OITPw8S = OI tissue-cultured plant week 8 shoot extract, OICB = OI brown callus extract, OICG = OI green callus extract, OICY = OI yellow callus extract, and OICW = OI white callus extract.