Podophyllotoxin Extracted from Juniperus sabina Fruit Inhibits Rat Sperm Maturation and Fertility by Promoting Epididymal Epithelial Cell Apoptosis

Figure 11

(a) Effects of podophyllotoxin on the mRNA level of TNF-α in rat epididymal epithelial cells, as assessed by real-time RT-PCR. The cells were treated with graded concentrations of podophyllotoxin (0, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μg/mL) for 48 h. Data are presented as mean ± SD of three independent samples. versus the control cells. (b) Effects of podophyllotoxin on TNF-α secretion of rat epididymal epithelial cells, as assessed by ELISA. Cells were treated by graded concentrations of podophyllotoxin (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μg/mL) for 48 h. Data are presented as of three independent samples. versus the control group.

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