Pharmacological Effect of Caulophyllum robustum on Collagen-Induced Arthritis and Regulation of Nitric Oxide, NF-κB, and Proinflammatory Cytokines In Vivo and In Vitro

Figure 3

(a) Effect on CRME on disease progression in hind paw swelling in mice with CIA-induced arthritis. (A) Normal group, (B) CIA + vehicle, (C) CIA + MTX, (D) CIA + Tri, and (E) CIA + H group (99.4 mg/kg). Effects of CRME, MTX, and Tri treatment on the severity of disease progression as evidenced by arthritic index (b) and swelling degree (c) are presented here. There was a significant suppression of both the arthritic index and swelling degree by CRME and positive drug treatment within days 27~51. CRME on severity of arthritis of CIA mice was evaluated through body weight (d) and visceral index (e). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD of animals per group. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls test as post hoc test (, compared with the normal group. and , compared with vehicle group. , , and , compared with MTX group. , , and , compared with Tri group).

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