Review Article
Therapeutic Role of Functional Components in Alliums for Preventive Chronic Disease in Human Being
Table 1
Functional components for preventing chronic disease in garlic, onion, and Chinese chive.
| Chronic disease | Alliums | Functional components | Ref. |
| Anticancer | Garlic | Allicin[diallyl thiosulfinate]; S-allylmercaptocysteine; S-propargyl-L-cysteine; S-benzyl-cysteine; polysulfanes; diallylpolysulfides; allyl mercaptan; Z-ajoene; | [50–62] | Onion | onionin A; fisetin; diosgenin; quercetin | [63–66] | Chinese chive | thiosulfinates; tuberoside M | [67, 68] |
| Preventive cardiovascular diseases | Garlic | Allicin, allyl sulfides; flavonoids; polysulfides; | [69–71] | Onion | quercetin; flavonoids; furostanol saponins; thiosulfinates | [72–75] | Chinese chive | Glycosides; amino-styrene-acrylic acids | [76] |
| Preventive heart diseases | Garlic | S-Propargyl-cysteine; allicin; garlic oil; polysulfides | [27, 77, 78] | Onion | Quercetin | [79] |
| Anti-inflammation | Garlic | S-Propargyl-cysteine; allicin; diallyl trisulfide | [27, 80–85] | Onion | Quercetin-3-O-glucoside | [86] |
| Antiobesity | Garlic | Diallyl disulfide; S-methyl L-cysteine | [87, 88] | Onion | S-Methyl L-cysteine; quercetin | [88–91] |
| Antidiabetes | Garlic | S-Methyl L-cysteine; S-allylcysteine; diallyl disulphide; S-Allyl-mercapto-captopril | [88, 92–94] | Onion | S-Methylcysteine; flavonoids | [95] |
| Neuroprotective effects | Garlic | N-α-(1-Deoxy-D-fructos-1-yl)-L-arginine; S-methylcysteine; allicin; S-allylcysteine; S-allyl-L-cysteine; diallyl disulfide; diallyl trisulfide; Z-ajoene | [22, 27, 96–99] | Onion | Flavonoids; quercetin | [100, 101] |
| Immunological effects | Garlic | Allyl methyl disulfide | [53] | Onion | Onion extracts | [102] |
| Antimicrobial activities | Garlic | Allicin; thiosulfinates; diallyl monosulfide; diallyl disulfide; diallyl trisulfide; diallyl tetrasulfide; ajoene | [20, 103–106] | Onion | Saponins; Ace-AMP1 | [36, 107, 108] |
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