Clinical Effects and Safety of Zhi Sou San for Cough: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the included trials.

Author	Year	Country	Cough inducing disease	Sample size (I/C)	Intervention group	Control group	Age (years); (I/C)	Cough duration; (I/C)	Intervention duration	Outcome measurements
Dong [12]	2014	China	Postsurgical cough	52/53	ZSS	Gentamicin + α-chymotrypsin	32–65	NR	3 d	①
Cai [13]	2013	China	PIC	36/36	MZSS	Ketotifen or ambroxol	6–15/7–19	NR	5 d	①
Cai [14]	2011	China	PIC	30/30	MZSS	Meptin + ketotifen + azithromycin	18–60/21–55	21–55 d/22–54 d	7 d	①
Cao [15]	2011	China	PIC	30/27	ZSS	Cephalexin + compound guaiacol potassium oral solution	3–8/4–10	15 d–1 y/10 d–10 m	7 d	①
Jin [16]	2016	China	PIC	40/40	MZSS	Pentoxyverine + loratadine			10 d	①
Ju [17]	2010	China	PIC	56/56	MZSS	Chlorphenamine maleate			15 d	① + ②
Kan [18]	2010	China	PIC	30/30	MZSS	Dextromethorphan + chlorphenamine maleate			10 d	①
Kan [19]	2011	China	PIC	33/32	MZSS	Roxithromycin id	2–10/2–10	4 wk–3 m/4 wk–3 m	14 d	①
Li [20]	2013	China	PIC	30/30	MZSS	Asmeton		d	7 d	① + ③
Liang [21]	2014	China	PIC	84/84	MZSS	Pentoxyverine			NR	① + ③
Liu and Qiu [22]	2012	China	PIC	38/40	MZSS	Pentoxyverine + chlorphenamine maleate	19–53/18–55	3–8 wk	NR	① + ③
Liu [23]	2014	China	PIC	68/64	MZSS	Ketotifen + carbetapentane citrate			10 d	①
Lu [24]	2012	China	PIC	43/43	MZSS	Ketotifen + meptin + azithromycin			7 d	①
Qiu [25]	2012	China	PIC	28/28	MZSS	Chlorphenamine maleate + cartussin	22–55/20–60	19–49 d/23–46 d	15 d	①
Qiu [26]	2011	China	PIC	82/78	MZSS	Dextromethorphan + loratadine			7 d	① + ③
Qiu [27]	2012	China	PIC	35/30	MZSS	Compound pholcodine syrup + asmeton + azithromycin	14–65/15–65	NR	3 d	①
Sun [28]	2011	China	PIC	58/52	MZSS	Chlorpheniramine maleate + methyl bromide	19–57/20–58	14–40 d/16–41 d	7 d	①
Tao [29]	2011	China	PIC	30/30	MZSS	Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride sustained release capsules			7 d	① + ②
Zhu [30]	2010	China	PIC	62/30	MZSS	Azithromycin	2 m–13/5 m–13	2–4 d/1–5 d	3 wk	①
Chen [31]	2004	China	Laryngeal cough	39/39	MZSS	Roxithromycin id + Zhikelu	5–87/7–82	5 d–2 y/3 d–1.5 y	5 d	①
Fang [32]	2014	China	Laryngeal cough	43/43	MZSS	Setastine + carbetapentane citrate + new bromide	40/41	3–12 wk/3–12 wk	14 d	①
Hu [33]	2013	China	Laryngeal cough	59/54	MZSS	Budesonide	34–63/32–64	3–8 wk/3–7.3 wk	7 d	① + ⑤
Huang [34]	2013	China	Laryngeal cough	60/60	MZSS	Cefuroxime axetil + phenergan syrup	16–64/17–65	7 d–3 m/7 d–3 m	10 d	① + ③ + ⑤
Liu [35]	2004	China	Laryngeal cough	72/38	MZSS	Amoxicillin or cefradine + phenergan cough syrup			4 d	①
Gong [36]	2007	China	CVA	40/40	MZSS	Ketotifen + doxofylline + salbutamol aerosol		2–36 m/2–30 m	28 d	① + ④
Lu [37]	2007	China	CVA	35/34	MZSS	Terbutaline + cetirizine	9.6/9.2	1.3 m/1.4 m	14 d	①
Liu [35]	2012	China	CVA	28/25	MZSS	Shah Mette Lo fluticasone propionate			14 d	① + ②
Qu [38]	2006	China	CVA	30/30	MZSS	Terbutaline			30 d	① + ④
Tao [39]	2014	China	CVA	55/55	MZSS	Montelukast sodium + budesonide aerosol	2–11/2.5–12	3–33 m/4–36 m	4 wk	①
Wang [40]	2011	China	CVA	60/60	MZSS	Conventional treatment for cough	2–9/2.5–10	NR	10 d	①
Yu et al. [41]	2016	China	CVA	52/52	MZSS	Shah Mette Lo fluticasone powder			30 d	① + ② + ④
Zhang [42]	2009	China	CVA	30/30	MZSS	Ceftazidime + dexamethasone	2–66	NR	14 d	① + ②
Shao [43]	2004	China	Cough	60/48	MZSS	Cefradine	14–66/12–62	NR	14 d	①
Cai [44]	2011	China	Chronic cough	24/24	MZSS	Conventional treatment for cough	26–70/20–65	8–36 wk/10–42 wk	14 d	①
Dai et al. [45]	2015	China	Chronic cough	26/26	MZSS	Desloratadine + ambroxol			14 d	①
Huang [46]	2014	China	Chronic cough	45/45	MZSS	Chlorphenamine + aminophylline + ambroxol	24–75	8 wk–2 y	14 d	① + ③
Qiao [47]	2016	China	Chronic cough	40/40	MZSS	Cefuroxime axetil + ambroxol + dextromethorphan		y	1 m	① + ③
Tao [48]	2013	China	Chronic cough	40/40	MZSS	Azithromycin + ambroxol	20–76	NR	7 d	①
Wang and Guo [49]	2016	China	Chronic cough	50/50	MZSS	Chlorpheniramine maleate + salbutamol + methyl bromide		NR	7 d	①
Yang [50]	2015	China	Chronic cough	47/47	MZSS	Asmeton			7 d	① + ③
Ye [51]	2009	China	Chronic cough	30/30	MZSS	Asmeton	19–46	NR	7 d	①
Zhang [52]	2016	China	Chronic cough	44/44	MZSS	Ambroxol		NR	14 d	① + ⑤
Dang and Yang [53]	2008	China	Allergic cough	38/38	MZSS	Ketotifen + aminophylline	2–12/2–12	1–6.6 m/1–5.9 m	7 d	①
Zhang [54]	2014	China	Allergic cough	25/25	MZSS	Terbutaline			4 wk	① + ③
Hu [55]	2015	China	Acute cough	60/60	ZSS	Asmeton			14 d	①
Huang [56]	2011	China	Acute cough	80/40	MZSS	Amoxicillin	19–35/20–34	0.5–7 d/0.5–6.5 d	3 d	①

y, year; m, month; wk, week; d, day; NR: not reported. Note. ① The total effective rate, ② cough symptom score, ③ the adverse reactions, ④ the pulmonary function test results, and ⑤ the recurrence rate.