Potent Phosphodiesterase Inhibition and Nitric Oxide Release Stimulation of Anti-Impotence Thai Medicinal Plants from “MANOSROI III” Database

Table 1

Seven medicinal plants selected from the Thai medicinal plant recipe database “MANOSROI III” and their extracts.

Number	Medicinal plants				Preparation of the extracts
	Code	Botanical name	Family	Part used	Recipe preparation indication	Extract code	% yield (w/w)	Physical appearance of the extracts
1	EDP1-001	Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf.	Zingiberaceae	Rhizome	A	EDP1-001(1)	10.80	Brown, slightly viscous semisolid
					B	EDP1-001(2)	8.15	Light brown, powder
					D	EDP1-001(3)	6.85	Brown, slightly viscous semisolid
2	EDP1-002	Piper nigrum Linn.	Piperaceae	White seed	A	EDP1-002(1)	2.55	Dark brown, viscous semisolid
					B	EDP1-002(2)	1.45	Light brown, powder
3	EDP1-003	Diospyros rhodocalyx Kurz.	Ebenaceae	Whole	A	EDP1-003	6.60	Dark brown, viscous semisolid
4	EDP1-004	Piper nigrum Linn.	Piperaceae	Black seed	A	EDP1-004	4.30	Dark brown, viscous semisolid
5	EDP2-001	Plumbago indica Linn.	Plumbaginaceae	Whole	A	EDP2-001(1)	22.90	Dark brown, slightly viscous semisolid
					C	EDP2-001(2)	26.60	Dark brown, viscous semisolid
					D	EDP2-001(3)	24.20	Red-brown, slightly viscous semisolid
6	EDP2-002	Piper nigrum Linn.	Piperaceae	Black seed	C	EDP2-002(1)	5.60	Dark brown, slightly viscous semi-solid
					D	EDP2-002(2)	5.20	Dark brown, slightly viscous semisolid
7	EDP2-003	Piper interruptum Opiz	Piperaceae	Whole	A	EDP2-003(1)	16.30	Dark brown, slightly viscous semisolid
					B	EDP2-003(2)	6.45	Dark brown, slightly viscous semisolid
					D	EDP2-003(3)	15.00	Red-brown, viscous semisolid

Method A: the recipes were orally administered together with honey or molded as traditional pills. Method B: the recipes were boiled with water. Method C: the recipes were used as an infusion. Method D: the recipes were orally administered as a herbal liquor.