Antibacterial Activities of Five Medicinal Plants in Ethiopia against Some Human and Animal Pathogens

Table 1

Previous information of the present study plants.

Plant name: species/family/voucher number	Reported traditional use (veterinary or human)	Parts used	Previously screened activities	Country/reference
C. aurea (Ait.) Benth./Fabaceae/NA	Human: diarrhea, dysentery, and stomach disorder	Leaves and fruit		Ethiopia/[31]
C. aurea/Fabaceae/NA		Leaves	Antimicrobial activity and antidiarrheal effects	Ethiopia/[21]
C. aurea (Ait.)/Benth./Fabaceae/NA	Human: rheumatism	NA		Ethiopia/[32]
C. aurea (Ait.) Benth./Fabaceae/2008	Human: antidiarrheal	Leaves		Ethiopia/[36]
C. aurea (Ait.) Benth./Fabaceae/AN6	Veterinary: antiparasitic (internal and external parasite)	Leaves		Ethiopia/[39]
C. aurea (Ait.) Benth./Fabaceae/ermiasLX76	Veterinary: tick infestation, helminthiasis, snake bite (root), and sore and parasitic leech (bulb)	Leaves, root and bulb		Ethiopia/[37]
C. aurea (Ait.) Benth./Fabaceae/YY03	Veterinary: black leg, ectoparasites	Leaves		Ethiopia/[38]
C. aurea (Ait.) Benth./Fabaceae/NA		Seeds	Antihypertensive activity	Ethiopia/[41]
Fabaceae/C. aurea (Ait.) Benth./N. Crouch 1279, NH		Stem and bark	Anticancer activity	South Africa/[42]
Fabaceae/C. aurea (Ait.) Benth./Fabaceae/Aded Med 2007/1–10		Leaves and stems	Antibacterial and antioxidant	South Africa/[17]
C. macrostachyus Del./Euphorbiaceae/AN59	Veterinary: diarrhea (dysentery), external parasite	Leaves		Ethiopia/[39]
C. macrostachyus Del./Euphorbiaceae/YY10	Bloat	Leaves		Ethiopia/[38]
C. macrostachyus Del./Euphorbiaceae/ermiasLX17	Veterinary: ringworm, dermatophilosis, mange, sore, scabies, and wound	Leaves		Ethiopia/[37]
C. macrostachyus Hochst. ex. Delile/Euphorbiaceae/2007	Human: skin rash and dandruff	Bud		Ethiopia/[36]
C. macrostachyus Del./Euphorbiaceae/AHU158	Human: liver disease/jaundice	Bark		Ethiopia/[35]
Croton macrostachys/Euphorbiaceae/NA		Leaves	Antibacterial activity	Cameroon/[25]
Croton macrostachyus/Euphorbiaceae		Stem bark	Antimicrobial activity	Kenya/[24]
C. macrostachyus Del./Euphorbiaceae/NA		NA	Antibacterial activity	Kenya/[18]
C. macrostachyus Del./Euphorbiaceae/NA	Human: rheumatism	NA		Ethiopia/[32]
C. macrostachyus H. ex. Del./Euphorbiaceae/NA		Leaves	Antidiarrheal activity	Ethiopia/[43]
C. macrostachyus H./Euphorbiaceae/NA		Leaves	Antimalarial activity	Ethiopia/[22]
C. macrostachyus Del./Euphorbiaceae/NA		Leaves	Insecticidal: third instar larvae of Anopheles arabiensis	Ethiopia/[44]
W. somnifera (L.) Dun./Solanaceae/ermiasLX206	Veterinary: blackleg	Root		Ethiopia/[22]
W. somnifera (L.) Dun./Solanaceae/AHU141	Human: extended flow of menstruation/menometrorrhagia (bark & leaf), gallstone (root & leaf), and evil eye (branch)	Bark, branch, and leaves		Ethiopia/[37]
W. somnifera (L.) Dun./Solanaceae/NA		Leaf and root	Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effects	India/[45]
W. somnifera (L.) Dun./Solanaceae/WS13		Leaf, fruit, and root	antioxidant properties and antibacterial activities	Bangladesh/[19]
W. somnifera (L.) Dunal./Solanaceae/NA	Veterinary: anthelmintic	NA
W. somnifera (L.) Dunal./Solanaceae/NA		Stem	Antimicrobial	India/[23]
W. somnifera (L.) Dunal./Solanaceae/AN4	Veterinary: most diseases especially anthrax and 3-day sickness	Root		Ethiopia/[39]
Nicotiana tabacum (N. tabacum) L./Solanaceae/AN9	Veterinary: leech	Leaves		Ethiopia/[39]
N. tabacum L./Solanaceae/NA	Veterinary: anthelmintic	NA		Ethiopia/[34]
N. tabacum L./Solanaceae/2029	Veterinary and human: repels snakes from garden	NA		Ethiopia/[36]
Nicotiana tabacum L./Solanaceae/YY13	Veterinary: blackleg	Leaves		Ethiopia/[38]
Nicotiana tabacum L./Solanaceae/CVM57	Mastitis, ectoparasites and other skin diseases, and leech infestation	Leaves	Antimicrobial activity	Ethiopia/[20]
E. brucei Schwein./Fabaceae/AN12	Veterinary: internal and external parasites	Leaves		Ethiopia/[39]

NA: Not available.