Moxibustion-Simulating Bipolar Radiofrequency Suppresses Weight Gain and Induces Adipose Tissue Browning via Activation of UCP1 and FGF21 in a Mouse Model of Diet-Induced Obesity

Figure 4

M-RF stimulation increases UCP1 expression and formation of beige adipocytes in the WATs of DIO mice. (a) Whole-mounted WATs immunostained for UCP1 (red). Scale bar, 100 μm. (b) Higher magnification image of RF-L in (a) showing characteristic beige adipocytes. Scale bar, 50 μm. Note that all three levels of M-RF stimulation increased UCP1 expression and formation of beige adipocytes compared to control. Scale bar, 50 μm. (c, d) Ratio of UCP1-positive areas compared to control (c) and numbers of beige adipocytes (d) calculated in five randomly selected regions (~100 adipocytes per each region) per WAT in control (n = 10), RF-L (n = 10), RF-M (n = 10), and RF-H (n = 10). Results are presented as means ± SD. , P < 0.01 versus control.

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