Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Total Flavonoids from Radix Glycyrrhiza Exert Anti-Inflammatory and Antitumorigenic Effects by Inactivating iNOS Signaling Pathways

Table 1

Effect of the ethanol extract and fractions from Radix Glycyrrhiza on NO production in LPS/IFNγ-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. RAW264.7 cells were treated with extract (10, 100, 200 μg/ml), each fraction (10, 100, 200 μg/ml), and TFRG (20, 40, 60 μg/ml) for 24 h with LPS/IFNγ stimulation. Nitrite accumulation in the culture medium was determined by the Griess reaction. C: control (nontreatment) group; M: LPS/IFNγ-stimulated model group; EAA: ethanol extract with stimulation; PEF: petroleum ether extracted fraction with stimulation; EEF: ethyl acetate extracted fraction with stimulation. BF: n-butanol extracted fraction with stimulation; AF: aqueous extracted fraction with stimulation; TFRG: total flavonoids of RG with stimulation; L-NIL: L-NIL at 50 μM with stimulation. Values are presented as the mean ± SEM from three replicates. ^## versus C group; versus M group; versus M group.


Group	Extracts/fractions	Dose (μg/ml)	Nitrite (μM)	Inhibition (%)	IC₅₀ (μg/ml)	Yield (%)

C	-	-	1.28 ± 0.01
M	-	-	64.65 ± 0.02^##
RG	Ethanol extract (EE)	10	66.15 ± 0.04	−2.36	109.57	31.6
		50	43.25 ± 0.04	33.77
		100	35.85 ± 0.03	45.46
		200	19.85 ± 0.02	70.7
	Petroleum ether fraction (PEP)	10	56.62 ± 0.02	12.63	44.4	7.02
		50	40.09 ± 0.01	38.76
		100	17.20 ± 0.02	74.88
		200	5.16 ± 0.01	93.9
	Ethyl acetate fraction	10	52.41 ± 0.03	19.31	20.66	11.05
	(EAF)	50	12.05 ± 0.02	83.02
		100	3.39 ± 0.01	96.68
		200	3.26 ± 0.01	96.89
	n-Butanol fraction (BF)	10	54.15 ± 0.03	−0.2	100.13	12.56
		50	40.27 ± 0.03	26.13
		100	32.26 ± 0.01	41.32
		200	7.54 ± 0.03	88.19
	Water fraction (WF)	10	59.40 ± 0.02	8.29	71.72	26.39
		50	56.98 ± 0.03	12.11
		100	28.05 ± 0.01	57.76
		200	5.93 ± 0.01	92.68
	TFRG	20	11.46 ± 0.02	77.67	7.9	1.95
		40	5.76 ± 0.01	93.89
		60	5.67 ± 0.01	94.16
	L-NIL	50 (μM)	32.74 ± 0.03	30.2