Research Article

Antiobesity and Antioxidant Potentials of Selected Palestinian Medicinal Plants

Table 2

Antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibition activity of Palestinian plants used in Traditional Arabic Palestinian Herbal Medicine (TAPHM).

Scientific name (Family)Common namePlant partArabic name Antioxidant capacityLipase inhibition
DPPHReducing Power
% Inhibition (1mg/ml)IC50 (mg/ml)AAIABS-700 nmEC50 (mg/ml)% Inhibition (5mg/ml)IC50 (mg/ml)

Camellia sinensis (L) Kuntze (Theaceae)TeaLEShai86.2±4.10.10±0.001±0.022.26±0.10.11±0.099.0±1.50.45±0.2
Ceratonia siliqua L. (Caesalpiniaceae)CarobLEKharrob91.2±3.10.04±0.002.63±0.12.6±0.10.05±0.195.4±8.00.76±0.4
Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae)TurmericRZKurkum79.5±0.90.39±0.100.26±0.050.87±0.030.59±0.197.4±0.80.82±0.3
Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.) Spach. (Rosaceae)Shrubby BarnetAPNatesh68.2±7.70.02±0.014.08±0.92.56±0.030.04±0.095.3±15.01.17±0.2
Mentha spicata L. (Lamiaceae)PeppermintAPNa’na’74.0±0.20.21±0.030.47±0.052.04±0.030.15±0.0292.5±2.01.19±1.0
Rhus coriaria L. (Anacardiaceae)Sicilian SumacLESummaq95.1±3.0.02±0.014.67±0.12.61±0.030.005±0.095.1±7.61.24±0.2
Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter (Asteraceae)InulaAPIrq tayyon86.5±0.0.11±0.010.94±0.12.33±0.10.13±0.0178.5±14.81.28±0.3
Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae)RosemaryAPHasalban89.9±0.50.09±0.021.11±0.32.28±0.080.16±0.0194.9±4.11.31±0.6
Eruca sativa Miller (Brassicaceae)Garden RocketAPJarjeer21.7±0.5 NA NA0.8±0.03NA74.9±2.61.45±0.3
Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (Elaeagnaceae)Narrow-Leaved OleasterLEZaizafon51.9±1.8 NA NA0.46±0.1 NA96.8±2.21.51±0.2
Teucrium capitatum L. (T. polium L.) (Lamiaceae)Cat ThymeAPJe’det Alsobian85.3±6.10.12±0.010.82±0.11.66±0.020.41±0.0179.2±14.51.65±0.5
Coridothymus capitatus (L.) Reichb. (Lamiaceae)Capitate ThymeLEZa’tar Farsi88.0±0.20.07±0.011.39±0.22.43±0.020.14±0.0178.1±22.21.92±0.1
Malva sylvestris L. (Malvaceae)Common MallowAPKhubeizeh21.3±1.2 NA NA0.37±0.01 NA72.7±5.61.97±0.9
Ziziphus sativa Gaertn. (Rhamnaceae)JujubeLEInab84.9±0.20.10±0.010.96±0.11.87±0.40.18±0.184.0±8.11.99±0.8
Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae)PomegranateHSRumman78.7±3.300.05±0.012.04±0.42.62±0.010.03±0.092.5±5.82±0.2
Cassia senna L. (Fabaceae)SennaLESanamaki31.2±0.12 NA NA0.47±0.02 NA81.8±12.82.32±0.5
Citrus limon (L.) Burm. Fil (Rutaceae)Lime, Limon TreeLELaimoun84.7±2.100.43±0.100.23±0.030.52±0.061.19±0.0282.2±10.82.46±0.2
Cynara scolymus L. (Asteraceae)ArtichokeFRKharshouf3.8±0.51 NA NA0.13±0.01 NA73.5±1.72.68±0.2
Crataegus aronia (L.) Bosc. ex DC. (Rosaceae)HawthornLEZa’rour Sha’ek85.0±0.310.51±0.060.2±0.10.73±0.030.71±0.0272.7±8.92.73±0.04
Portulaca oleracea L. (Portulacaceae)PurslaneSDBaqleh88.9±0.710.41±0.080.25±0.031.28±0.010.33±0.0172.2±4.82.77±0.6
Juglans regia L. (Juglandaceae)WalnutLEJouz82.2±3.220.14±0.040.71±0.21.68±0.030.39±0.0369.1±8.32.81±0.2
Arum palaestinum Boiss. (Araceae)Palestinian ArumLELufe83.8±0.580.49±0.030.2±0.00.67±0.010.77±0.0076.5±9.22.88±0.8
Quercus calliprinos Webb (Fagaceae)Kermes OakLESendian76.1±3.200.08±0.061.23±1.52.66±0.010.05±071.2±9.72.88±0.1
Cichorium pumilum Jacq. (Asteraceae)Dwarf ChicoryLEHindba’82.7±1.600.6±0.070.17±0.030.79±0.010.7±0.0271.3±10.22.94±0.8
Foeniculum vulgare Miller (Apiaceae )FennelLEShoumer74.9±0.70.37±0.030.27±0.10.74±0.020.69±0.0183.2±8.53.01±0.2
Cuminum cyminum L. (Apiaceae )CuminSDKamoon45.0±0.5 NA NA0.46±0.01 NA72.9±5.23.01±0.0
Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. (Rhamnaceae)Christ’s Thorn JujubeLESeder86.2±2.60.12±0.020.82±0.21.51±0.130.4±0.0270.1±6.93.11±0.1
Cynara scolymus L. (Asteraceae)ArtichokeFRKharshouf8.1±0.2 NA NA0.17±0.03 NA75.7±2.43.16±0.5
Portulaca oleracea L. (Portulacaceae)PurslaneAPBaqleh82.9±0.90.53±0.070.19±0.011.21±0.020.46±0.0072.9±11.83.21±0.3
Satureja thymbra L. (Lamiaceae)Summer SavoryAPZa’tar82.9±2.80.34±0.290.29±0.41.93±0.090.18±0.0160.9±9.53.31±0.1
Ceratonia siliqua L. (Caesalpiniaceae)CarobSDKharrob
89.0±1.40.60±0.020.17±0.011.42±0.110.35±0.0368.7±6.23.3±0.4
Alchemilla xanthochlora Rothm. (Alchemilla vulgaris auct.) (Rosaceae)Lion’s Foot, Lady’s – MantleLERijl Alasad, Kaf Alasad19.0±0.23 NA NA0.43±0.01 Na77.4±19.13.36±0.1
Salvia fruticosa Mill. (Lamiaceae)white sage, Common Sage, Garden SageAPMaryemeyeh91.0±0.60.13±0.000.76±0.021.51±00.32±0.165.8±2.13.45±0.4
Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae)GuavaLEGuava69.6±0.20.09±0.011.11±0.12.29±0.020.12±0.0255.4±2.83.47±1.6
Trigonella berythea Boiss. & Blanche(T. foenum- graecum L.) (Fabaceae)Fenugreek SeedSDHilbeh60.2±7.61.02±0.040.1±0.00.22±0.0163.8±5.33.67±0.1
Paronychia argentea Lam. (Caryophyllaceae)Silvery Whitlow- WartAPRijl Alhamameh78.7±0.70.38±0.020.26±0.11.05±0.010.43±0.0168.4±17.14.23±1.1
Ficus carica L. (Moraceae)Fig TreeLETeen82.2±0.30.29±0.000.34±0.00.71±0.020.88±0.0949.5±7.9 NA
Capparis spinosa L. (Capparaceae)Caper Bush, Egyptian CaperLEKappar90.47±4.00.24±0.150.42±0.31.09±0.020.52±0.0749.0±7.7 NA
Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae)NightshadeAPSamweh83.0±4.00.44±0.020.23±0.010.78±0.130.8±046.3±4.5 NA
Origanum majorana L. (Lamiaceae)Sweet-MarjoramAPMardaqoush82.1±0.10.23±0.120.44±0.32.06±0.020.26±0.0246.1±5.6 NA
Euphorbia hierosolymitana Boiss. (Euphorbiaceae)SpurgeAPHalabloub90.5±4.70.33±0.080.3±0.10.85±0.020.59±0.0245.8±2.8 NA
Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. (Myrtaceae)Red River GumLEKina87.9±40.09±0.031.11±0.42.37±0.020.15±0.0144.3±5.4 NA
Origanum syriacum L. (Lamiaceae)Wild Thyme, Mother of ThymeAPZa’tar bari81.4±1.80.3±0.080.33±0.11.02±0.030.57±0.0241.5±1.6 NA
Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume. (Lauraceae)Cinnamon TreeBRKQerfeh86.4±1.90.06±0.021.54±0.42±0.180.24±0.0240.5±8.6 NA
Matricaria aurea (L.) Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae)Golden CotulaAPBabounej75.1±14.60.39±0.060.26±0.040.82±0.020.69±0.0938.5±2.7 NA
Nigella ciliaris DC. (Ranunculaceae)Nigella, Black CuminSDQezha34.4±9.0 NA NA0.19±0.03 NA38.4±3.2 NA
Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. and Perry. (Myrtaceae)CloveFLWKabsh Koronful80.2±2.30.15±0.010.65±0.042.46±0.060.09±0.0137.1±0.9 NA
Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae)OliveLEZaitoun91.1±2.50.29±0.020.35±0.021.02±0.050.54±0.0436.8±1.3 NA
Pimpinella anisum L. (Apiaceae )AniseSDYansoon83.3±4.00.47±0.010.21±0.00.63±0.041.06±0.1235.4±2.0NA
Pinus halepensis Mill. (Pinaceae)Aleppo PineAPSonawabar halabi46.5±7.7 NA NA0.48±0.06 NA32.5±6.1NA
Passiflora incarnata L. (Passifloraceae)Passion flowerLEPasiflora79.2±6.00.74±0.040.13±0.010.53±0.241.6±0.6132.3±2.8NA
Myrtus communis L. (Myrtaceae)Common MyrtleLEHabaq81.1±0.50.17±0.010.59±0.021.92±0.240.25±0.0230.2±0.1NA
Pistacia palaestina Boiss. (Anacardiaceae)Palestinian pistachio, TerebinthLEBotom Falastini89.98±1.10.17±0.020.57±0.11.37±0.120.32±029.0±0.2NA
Retama raetam (Forssk.) Webb (Fabaceae)Retama, White BroomAPRetem70.4±4.90.4±0.060.23±0.030.48±0.16 NA28.6±3.9NA
Rhus coriaria L. (Anacardiaceae)Sicilian SumacEPCSummaq92.8±1.30.02±0.014.37±1.322.66±0.060.06±025.5±3.2NA
Rhus coriaria L. (Anacardiaceae)Sicilian SumacSDSummaq30.2±2.2NANA0.46±0.18NA23.4±2.3NA
Lepidium sativum L.CressSDRashad92.2±0.70.60±0.080.18±0.030.65±0.210.94±0.0622.9±2.6NA
Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae)Laurel, Sweet BayLEGhar85.9±0.50.50±0.010.2±0.00.73±0.050.82±0.0722.5±2.6NA
Varthemia iphionoides Boiss & Blanche (Chiliadenus iphionoides) (Asteraceae)Common VarthemiaAPKteileh84.6±0.90.40±0.010.2±0.01.12±0.010.4±0.0320.6±5.4NA
Capparis spinosa L. (Capparaceae)Caper Bush, Egyptian CaperFRKappar20.1±0.2NANA0.43±0.13NA19.9±19.6NA
Lupinus albus L.(Fabaceae)LupineSDTormous Mor16.2±4.1NANA0.06±0.01NA19.9±6.8NA
Ceratonia siliqua L. (Caesalpiniaceae)CarobFRKharrob27.0±0.6NANA0.28±0.17 NA17.5±2.5NA
Ruta chalepensis L. (Rutaceae)RueAPFigan73.8±0.40.34±0.240.29±0.280.35±0.1NA17.1±2.5NA
Zingiber officinale Rose. (Zingiberaceae)GingerRZZanjabeel79.0±7.80.77±0.000.13±0.00.45±0.01NA16.7±7.6NA
Foeniculum vulgare Miller (Apiaceae )FennelSDShoumer87.0±0.60.45±0.000.22±0.00.75±0.220.87±0.0816.5±1.2NA
Morus nigra L. (Moraceae)MulberryFRToot69.4±14.31.47±0.350.1±0.020.18±0.01 NA16.1±2.3NA
Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (Elaeagnaceae)Narrow-Leaved OleasterFRZaizafon8.6±0.8NANA0.17±0.01NA15.7±2.4NA
Cupressus sempervirens L. (Cupressaceae)CypressLESaro91.48±1.20.26±0.020.4±0.031.5±0.020.33±0.0115.2±1.0NA
Thuja occidentalis L. (Cupressaceae)Tree Of LifeLEAfs82.0±7.10.33±0.110.3±0.10.75±0.230.58±0.0214.3±11.5NA
Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae)Common BeanSDFasolia’25.0±2.7NANA0.32±0.04NA13.7±1.1NA
Cucumis sativus L. (Cucurbitaceae)CucumberFRKhiar1.0±0.0NANA0.07±0.00NA13.5±2.0NA
Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae)PomegranateSDRumman42.9±0.2NANA0.19±0.01NA12.4±2.7NA
Petroselinum sativum Hoffm. (Apiaceae )ParsleyAPBaqdounes27.7±0.3NANA0.12±0.01NA12.4±0.7NA
Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai (Cucurbitaceae)WatermelonFRBateekh2.8±0.32NANA0.04±0.00NA11.6±0.5NA
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L. (Brassicaceae)CauliflowerFRQernabeet2.0±0.8NANA0.22±0.05NA11.2±1.1NA
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L. (Brassicaceae)CauliflowerFRQernabeet2.0±0.8NANA0.22±0.05NA11.2±1.1NA
Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (Xanthorrhoeaceae)AloeLESabrah murrah31.9±12.0NANA0.18±0.03NA10.1±0.9NA
Rubus sanctus Schreb. (Rosaceae)BlackberryLEOliq88.1±4.60.4±0.160.24±0.10.49±0.01NA10.1±2.8NA
Cichorium pumilum Jacq. (Asteraceae)Dwarf ChicoryRTHindba’4.9±0.2NANA0.13±0.01NA10.1±0..0NA
Coriandrum sativum L. (Apiaceae )CorianderSDKozbareh85.9±5.60.6±0.020.16±0.010.42±0.16NA9.7±2.2NA
Sesamum indicum L. (Pedaliaceae)SesameSDSemsem11.0±3.2NANA0.11±0NA9.5±7.4 NA
Lactuca sativa L. (Asteraceae)LettuceAPKhass28.6±6NANA0.18±0.04NA7.4±0.4NA
Brassica oleracea L. (Brassicaceae)Wild CabbageAPMalfouf40.0±10.9NANA0.27±0.06NA6.3±5.4NA
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae)RoselleFLWKarkadaih89.1±5.10.5±0.050.19±0.020.62±0.070.98±0.16.3±0.4NA
Citrus paradisi Macfad. (Rutaceae)GrapefruitFRLaimoon Aljeneh2.5±0.3NANA0.1±0.01NA4.4±0.2NA
Allium cepa L. (Amaryllidaceae)OnionsFLEBasal18.0±8.1NANA0.1±0.02NA2.5±1.6NA
Citrus limon (L.) Burm. Fil (Rutaceae)Limon TreeFRLaimoun52.5±0.93.6±1.90.03±0.020.4±0.06NA2.3±1.2NA
Vitis vinifera L.
(Vitaceae)
GrapeFRInab87.5±0.10.5±0.00.2±0.001.1±0.080.34±0.12.0±1.6NA
Allium sativum L. (Amaryllidaceae)GarlicGLVThoum3.1±5.2NANA0.1±0.04NA2.0±0.2NA
Pyrus malus L.
(Rosaceae)
AppleFRTuffah26.1±7.6NANA0.1±0.07NA1.7±2.4NA
Orlistat (200 ug/ml) 92±0.20.1±0.0
Ascorbic acid (100ug/ml)89.2±00.03±0.03.9±0.011.5±0.080.06±0.02
BHT (100ug/ml)93.4±0.570.03±0.03.2±0.510.8±0.050.06±0.00

RZ: rhizome; HS: husk; AP: aerial parts; LE: leave; FR: fruits; SD: seeds; BRK: bark; FLW: flowers; EPC: epicarp; RT: roots; FLE: fleshy leaves; GLV: gloves. NA: not applicable.