Functional Improvements in Parkinson’s Disease Following a Randomized Trial of Yoga
Table 3
Comparison of change within yoga and wait-list control groups.
Yoga (n=15)
Wait List Control (n=12)
Mean Pre (SD)
Mean Post (SD)
Average (Post-Pre) Change (SE)+; t(df), p
Cohen’s d
Mean Pre (SD)
Mean Post (SD)
Average (Post-Pre) Change (SE)+; t(df), p
Cohen’s d
UPDRS
28.27 (14.89)
21.87 (15.16)
6.40 (8.35); t(14)=2.97, p=0.0102
0.76
31.58 (11.59)
30.42 (11.70)
1.17 (13.42); t(11)=0.30, p=0.7688
0.09
MINI
19.47 (9.70)
24.87 (7.79)
-5.40 (3.48); t(14)=-6.01, p<0.0001
1.55
15.92 (5.76)
19.92 (6.22)
-4.00 (3.22); t(11) =-4.30, p=0.0012
1.24
FGA
14.93 (8.07)
20.93 (8.04)
-6.00 (3.49); t(14)=-6.67, p<0.0001
1.72
15.83 (5.54)
18.33 (7.06)
-2.50 (4.54); t(11)=-1.91, p=0.0830
0.55
FoG
7.60 (6.30)
5.00 (5.44)
2.60 (3.76); t(14)=2.68, p=0.0179
0.69
8.42 (4.81)
6.75 (5.94)
1.67 (3.11); t(11)=1.85, p=0.0907
0.54
squares means (standard errors) from linear mixed effects analysis. UPDRS denotes Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale and motor function; MINI denotes Mini-BESTest; FGA denotes Functional Gait Assessment; FoG denotes Freezing of Gait Questionnaire
