Review Article

A Comprehensive Review on Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau

Table 1

Phytochemical screening test of C. nutans.

Chemical classOriginExtractPresent/Absent

AlkaloidIndonesia1Leaf-water extract1Present1
Malaysia2,3,5Leaf-100% methanol extract2,5Absent2,5
Leaf-100% chloroform extract3Presence3
Leaf-70% methanol extract4Absent4
SaponinIndonesia1Leaf-water extract1Absent1
Malaysia2,3,4,5Leaf-100% methanol extract2, 5Present2,5
Leaf-100% chloroform extract3Absent3
Leaf-70% methanol extract4Absent4
FlavonoidsIndonesia1Leaf-water extract1Present1
Malaysia2,3,4,5Leaf-100% methanol extract2,5Present2,5
Leaf-100% chloroform extract3Present4
Leaf-70% methanol extract4Present3
TriterpenoidsIndonesia1Leaf-water extract1Present1
Malaysia5Leaf-100% methanol extract5Present2
DiterpenesMalaysia2Leaf-100% methanol extract2Present
SteroidsIndonesia1Leaf-water extract1Present1
Malaysia4,5Leaf-70% methanol extract4Present2,3
Thailand7Leaf-100% methanol extract5Present5
Stem-Light petroleum extract7Present7
PhytosterolMalaysia2,4Leaf-100% methanol extract2Present1
Leaf-70% methanol extract4Present2
TanninIndonesia1Leaf-water extract1Present1
Malaysia2,3,4,5Leaf-100% methanol extract2,5Absent2,5
Leaf-100% chloroform extract3Present3
Leaf-70% methanol extract4Present4
QuinoneIndonesia1Leaf-water extract1Absent
Phenolic compoundMalaysia2Leaf-100% methanol extract2Present
GlycosidesMalaysia3,4Leaf-100% chloroform extract3Present1
Leaf-70% methanol extract4Present2
IridoidsThailand6Leaf 6Present6
CarbohydratesMalaysia4Leaf-70% methanol extract4Present4
Protein and amino acidsMalaysia4Leaf-70% methanol extract4Present4

Reference. 1Nurulita et al. [25]; 2Yang et al. [6]; 3Goonasakaran [26]; 4Sekar and Rashid [22]; 5Abdul Rahim et al. [19]; 6Keawpradub and Purintrapiban [20]; 7Dampawan et al. [27].