Stimulation Parameters of Manual Acupuncture and Their Measurement

Figure 3

(a) Amplitude, velocity, and acceleration along X, Y, and Z axes. Moreover, the torsion angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and centripetal force can also be derived during the twirling method. (b) Amplitude-time curve of needle along the Y axis using motion-tracking technology, T1 is the time course of the thrusting or left twirling and T2 is the time course of the lifting or right twirling during “lifting-thrusting” or “twirling” method, respectively. Manipulation cycle is the sum of T1 and T2, and manipulation frequency is the reciprocal of cycle.

(a)

(b)