Exploring Antimalarial Herbal Plants across Communities in Uganda Based on Electronic Data

Table 1

Herbs used in the treatment of malaria in Uganda.

Plant family	Scientific name	Local name	Part used	Growth form	Mode of preparation	Dose and mode of administration for malaria	Status of antimalarial/antiplasmodial activity investigation	Other ailments treated	Reference(s)
Acanthaceae	Justicia betonica L.	Nalongo/quinine	Leaves/whole plant	Herb	Decoction	About 120 ml every 8 hours for a week	Investigated	Diabetes, yellow fever, diarrhea	[10, 19]
	Justicia anselliana (Nees) T. Anderson	Kwiniini omuganda	Leaves/twig	Herb	Decoction	Orally taken, dose not specified	No record		[20]
	Monechma subsessile C. B. Clarke	Erazi	Leaves		Decoction	Orally taken, dose not specified	No record	Abdominal pain	[19]
	Thunbergia alata Sims	Kasaamusaamu/ntudde buleku	Leaves/whole plant	Climber	Decoction	About 120 ml every 8 hours for a week	No record	False teeth	[8, 10]
Alliaceae	Allium cepa L.	Katungulu	Bulb	Herb			No record		[21]
Aloeaceae	Aloe dawei A. Berger (wild/cultivated)	Kigagi	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	A glassful once a day for 7 days	Investigated	Candida	[10]
	Aloe kedongensis (wild)	Kigagi	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Orally taken, dose not specified	Investigated		[19, 22]
	Aloe volkensii (cultivated)	Kigagi	Leaves	Herb	Decoction/infusion	Orally taken, dose not specified	No record		[19]
	Aloe ferox Mill	Kigagi	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Orally taken, dose not specified	Investigated	Wounds, digestive disorders, rheumatic arthritis	[18, 19]
	Aloe lateritia (wild)	Kigagi	Leaves/root	Herb	Decoction	Orally taken, dose not specified	No record		[19]
Amaranthaceae	Amaranthus hybridus L.	Bbuga	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass every 24 hours for 7 days	No record		[10]
Anacardiaceae	Mangifera indica L.	Muyembe gwakona	Leaves/bark	Tree	Decoction	4 and 3 teaspoons after every 8 hours for adults and children, respectively, for a week	Investigated	Diarrhea, dysentery, body pain, venereal diseases, cough, syphilis	[10, 23]
	Rhus natalensis Bernh. Ex Krauss	Omesheshe	Leaves	Shrub	Decoction	Orally taken, dose not specified	Investigated		[24]
	Rhus vulgaris Meikle	Kakwasokwaso/tebudda	Leaves	Shrub	Decoction	Half a glass every 8 hours for 7 days	No record	Skin rush, erectile dysfunction	[10]
Apiaceae	Heteromorpha trifoliata Eckl. & Zeyh.	Omumemena	Leaves/roots	Herb	Decoction	Orally taken, dose not specified	No record		[19]
	Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.	Kabo Kabakyala/mbutamu	Leaves/whole plant	Herb	Decoction	4 teaspoons thrice a day for 4 days	Investigated		[10]
Apocynaceae	Alstonia boonei De Wild.	Mubajangalabi	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Orally taken, dose not specified	Investigated		[8]
	Carissa edulis (Forssk.) Vahl	Muyunza, ekamuriei	Roots	Herb	Decoction	Orally taken, dose not specified	Investigated	Epilepsy, fever, cough, syphilis, measles, dysentery	[21, 23]
	Carissa spinarum Lodd. ex A. DC.	Omuyonza	Roots		Decoction	Orally taken, dose not specified	Investigated		[19]
	Catharanthus roseus G. Don	Sekagya	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	About 120 ml every 8 hours for a week	Investigated		[10]
Araceae	Culcasia faleifolia Engl.	Ntangawuzi yomukibira	Roots	Herb	Decoction	About 120 ml once a day for a week	No record		[10]
Aristolochiaceae	Aristolochia elegans Mast.	Musuja welaba/nakasero	Seeds/sap	Vine	Steeped in water and drunk	A glassful once a day	Investigated	Abdominal pain, East coast fever	[8, 19]
	Aristolochia tomentosa Sims.	Kankapu	Stem	Climber	Infusion	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Wounds, skin diseases, snake bites	[23]
Asclepiadaceae	Gomphocarpus physocarpus E. Mey.	Kafumbo	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass daily for a week	No record		[10]
Asphodelaceae	Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f.	Kigagi/alovera	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	1 teaspoon and 1 tablespoon 3 times a day for children and adults, respectively, for a week	Investigated	Stomach ache	[8, 25]
Asteraceae	Ageratum conyzoides L.	Namirembe	Whole plant/leaves	Herb	Decoction	A glassful thrice a day for 7 days	Investigated	Worms, weakness in pregnancy	[8, 10]
	Artemisia annua L.	Sweet anne	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Fever	[19]
	Artemisia afra Jacq. ex Willd	Pasile	Leaves	Herb	Infusion	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Fever	[10]
	Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams	Makayi, ekarwe	Whole plant/leaves/roots	Herb	Decoction	8 teaspoons 3 times a day for a week	Investigated	Abdominal aches, measles, diarrhea, wounds, induction of appetite	[10, 19]
	Baccharoides adoensis (Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) H. Rob.	Okellokello	Leaves	Shrub	Decoction	1 teaspoon and 1 tablespoon 3 times a day for children and adults, respectively, for a week; bath-leaves squeezed and added to bathing water	Investigated	Flu, skin rush, ear infections	[25, 26]
	Bidens grantii Sherff	Ehongwa	Leaves, flower	Herb	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Pregnancy disorders, prehepatic jaundice	[19]
	Bidens pilosa L.	Sere/labika	Whole plant/leaves	Herb	Decoction/fresh leaf extract	4 teaspoons thrice a day for 4 days	Investigated	Diarrhea, wounds	[10, 23]
	Bothriocline longipes N. E. Br.	Ekyogayanja	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Fever, ague, paludism	[19, 24]
	Conyza bonariensis (L.)	Ndasha	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Stomach ache, body pain, anemia, respiratory problems	[19]
	Conyza floribunda H. B. K.	Kafumbe	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	About 120 ml once a day for a week	No record	Headache	[10]
	Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) E. H. Walker	Kati kati	Leaves	Herb			No record	Wounds, sore throat, ringworms	[21, 27]
	Crassocephalum vitellinum	Kitonto	Leaves	Herb	Honey added to decoction	2 teaspoons thrice a day for 7 days	Investigated		[10, 19]
	Emilia javanica (Burm. F.) C. B. Rob.	Nakate	Whole plant	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass once a day for a week	No record		[10]
	Guizotia scabra Chiov.	Ekiterankuba	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Stomach ache, HIV/AIDS opportunistic infections	[19]
	Gynura scandens O. Hoffm.	Ekizimya-muriro	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Febrile convulsions	[19]
	Melanthera scandens (Schumach. & Thonn.) Roberty	Makaayi	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Stomach ache, body odour, yellow fever	[8]
	Pluchea ovalis DC.	Omuneera	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record		[19]
	Microglossa pyrifolia (Lam.)O. Ktze	Kafugankande	Whole plant/leaves/roots	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for a week	Investigated	Cough, abdominal disorders, chest pain	[10, 19, 28]
	Schkuhria pinnata (Lam.)	Apunait	Leaves	Herb	Infusion	1 teaspoon and 1 tablespoon 3 times a day for children and adults, respectively, for a week	Investigated	Wounds, skin diseases, diabetes, ear infections, wounds	[23, 25]
	Sigesbeckia orientalis L.	Kyaryaho	Roots		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Wounds, stomach ache	[19]
	Solanecio mannii (Hook. f.) C. Jeffrey	Omusununu	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Fever, indigestion	[19]
	Sonchus oleraceus L.	Entahutara	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Stomach ache, scars, anemia, diarrhea	[8, 19]
	Tagetes minuta L.	Kawunyira	Whole plant/leaves	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for a week	Investigated	Flu, headache, convulsions	[10]
	Tithonia diversifolia A. Gray	Kimyula	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for a week	Investigated	Diabetes, abdominal pain	[10, 19, 25]
	Vernonia adoensis Sch. Bip. ex Walp.	Nyakajuma	Leaves/flowers		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Diarrhea, dizziness	[19]
	Vernonia amygdalina Delile	Mululuza/labwori	Whole plant/roots	Shrub	Decoction	Half a glass 2 times a day for 5 days	Investigated	Headache, stomach ache, burns, baths	[8, 10, 19, 20]
	Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less.	Kayayana	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for a week	Investigated	Fever, vomiting, inflammation	[10]
	Vernonia lasiopus O. Hoffm.	Kaluluza kasajja	Roots/leaves	Shrub	Fresh leaf extract/root decoction	2 teaspoons thrice a day for 7 days	Investigated	Abdominal pain, cough, migraine headache, delayed delivery	[8, 10, 19, 20]
Bignoniaceae	Markhamia lutea (Benth.) K. Schum.	Musambya/muzanganda	Roots	Tree	Decoction	A glassful once a day for 7 days	Investigated	Cough, diarrhea	[8, 10, 19]
	Spathodea campanulata Buch. -Harm. ex DC.	Kifabakazi	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass 3 times a day for 5 days	Investigated	Increased vaginal fluid, skin infection, infertility, hernia	[8, 10]
Caesalpiniaceae	Cassia didymobotrya Fres.	Mukyula	Leaves	Shrub	Decoction	About 120 ml every 8 hours for a week	Investigated		[10]
	Chamaecrista nigricans Greene	Epeduru lo didi	Leaves	Herb	Infusion	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Labour induction, hypertension, retained placenta	[23]
	Erythrophleum pyrifolia	Omurama	Leaves/roots				Investigated		[24]
	Senna spectabilis (DC.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby	Gasiya	Leaves	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass twice a day for 5 days	Investigated		[10]
Caesalpinioideae	Cassia hirsuta	Kasagalansansi	Roots	Herb	Infusion		Investigated	Stomach pains	[23]
Canelliaceae	Warbugia ugandensis Sprague	Omukuzanume	Bark/leaves	Tree	Decoction/powder swallowed with banana	Half a glass once a day for a week	Investigated	Toothache, flu, skin diseases, asthma, stomach ache, body and muscle pain	[10, 20, 27]
Caricaceae	Carica papaya L.	Paapali essajja	Leaves	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass twice a day for 3 days	Investigated	Snake bite, sterility, cough, cancer, body pain, induces labour	[10, 19, 23, 25]
Celastraceae	Maytenus senegalensis	Echomai	Roots	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Toothache, skin diseases, chest pain, wound, fever	[23]
Chenopodiaceae	Chenopodium ambrosioides L.	Kawuna wuna	Leaves				Investigated	Headache, epilepsy	[21]
	Chenopodium opulifolium Koch & Ziz	Namuvu	Leaves				No record	Oral wounds, skin rush, toothache	[8, 21]
Combretaceae	Combretum molle G. Don	Ndagi	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass once a day for 3 days	Investigated	Cough,	[10, 21]
Crassulaceae	Kalanchoë densiflora Rolfe	Kisanasana	Leaves	Herb			No record		[21]
Cucurbitaceae	Cucurbita maxima Lam.	Kasuunsa	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass once a day for 7 days	Investigated	Abdominal pain	[10, 25, 27]
	Momordica foetida Schumach.	Orwihura	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Vomiting, baths, cough, flue, worms	[19, 26, 28]
Dracaenaceae	Dracaena steudneri Engl.	Kajjolyenjovu	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for a week	No record	Scars, cough, syphilis, kidney stones, snake bites	[8, 10]
Ebenaceae	Euclea latideus Staff	Emusi	Roots	Shrub	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Ringworms, swollen legs	[23]
Euphorbiaceae	Alchornea cordifolia (Schumach.) Mull. Arg.	Luzibaziba	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass once a day for 7 days	Investigated	Shaking body	[8, 10]
	Bridelia micrantha Baill.	Katazamiti	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for a week	Investigated		[10]
	Clutia abyssinica Jaub. & Spach	Omubarama	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Fever, diarrhea	[19]
	Croton macrostachyus Olive.	Ookota	Roots/bark	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Tuberculosis, stomach ache, cough, fever, asthma	[23]
	Fluegea virosa (Roxb. ExWillb.)Voigt	Lukandwa/mukandula	Leaves	Shrub	Decoction	Half a glass 3 times a day for a week	Investigated	Miscarriage, chest pains, infertility in women	[8, 10, 21, 23]
	Jatropha curcas L.	Kirowa	Leaves	Shrub			Investigated	Tooth decay, headache, weakness in pregnancy	[21]
	Macaranga schweinfurthii Pax	Kyeganza	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass 3 times a day for a 5 days	No record		[10]
	Phyllanthus (pseudo) niruri Mull. Arg.	Nakitembe	Leaves	Shrub	Decoction	Half a glass 3 times a day for a 7 days	Investigated		[10]
	Shirakiopsis elliptica (Hochst.) H.–J. Esser	Musasa	Back	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record		[20]
	Tetrorchidium didymostemon (Baill.) Pax & K. Hoffm.	Ekiziranfu	Bark		Decoction	Used as enema	No record	Jaundice, measles, gastrointestinal disorders, enema	[8, 19]
Fabaceae	Arachis hypogea (NC)	Ebinyobwa	Leaves		Fresh extract	Oral, dose not specified	No record		[19]
	Cajanus cajan (L.) Druse	Entondaigwa	Leaves	Shrub	Fresh extract	100 ml once a day for a week	Investigated	Diarrhea, body pain	[27]
	Crotalaria agatiflora Schweinf.	Kijjebejebbe	Whole shoot	Shrub	Fresh extract	Daily bath	No record	High blood pressure	[10]
	Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don	Alayo	Leaves	Herb	Fresh extract	1 teaspoon and 1 tablespoon 3 times a day for children and adults, respectively, for a week	No record	Stomach ache	[28]
	Entada abyssinica Steud. ex A. Rich.	Mwolola	Leaves	Tree	Decoction		Investigated	Oral wounds, body weakness, wounds, skin infections	[8, 20, 26]
	Entada africana Guill. & Perr.	Mwolola	Bark	Tree	Decoction	4 and 3 teaspoons after every 8 hours for adults and children, respectively, for a week	Investigated		[10]
	Erythrina abyssinica Lam.	Girikiti/lacoro	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass 3 times a day for a 5 days	Investigated	Fever, leprosy, burns, tuberculosis, toothache, syphilis	[10, 23]
	Erythrina excelsa Bak.	Bajjangala	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass 3 times a day for a week	No record	Wounds, candida	[10]
	Indigofera arrecta Hochst. Ex A. Rich	Omushoroza	Roots/bark				No record	Abdominal pain	[19]
	Indigofera congesta Baker	Namasumi	Twig	Herb	Infusion	Oral, dose not specified	No record		[8, 20]
	Indigofera emerginella Steud. ex A. Rich	Omunyazabashumba	Leaves/roots	Shrub	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Cough	[19]
	Macrotyloma axillare Verdc.	Akihabukuru	Leaves				No record	Impotence, dizziness	[19]
	Pseudarthria hookeri Wight & Arn	Omukongorani/kikakala	Leaves/whole plant	Herb	Decoction	One teaspoon thrice a day for 4 days	No record	Fever	[19, 20, 25, 29]
	Rhynchosia viscosa DC	Omutegansi	Flower				No record	Labour induction	[19]
	Senna absus (L.) Roxb.	Mucuula	Shrub	Leaves	Fresh extract	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Prolonged embryo in uterus	[8]
	Senna didymobotrya (Fresen.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby	Omugabagaba/kivumuzi	Herb	Leaves, twig	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Change of sex of child	[8, 19, 20, 29]
	Senna siamea (Lam.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby	Garcia	Roots	Tree	Fresh extract	A cupful (500 ml) once a day for 3 days	Investigated	Abdominal pain, sore throat	[25, 27]
	Tamarindus indica L.	Cwaa/nkoge	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Convulsions, fever	[8, 21]
Flacourtiaceae	Ocoba spinosa Forssk	Ekalepulepu	Roots	Herb	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Syphilis, skin problems, wounds, headache, impotence, stomach ache	[23]
	Trimeria bakeri Gilg.	Omwatanshare	Leaves	Shrub	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated		[24]
Hypericaceae	Harungana madagascariensis Lam.	Mukaabiransiko/mulirira	Bark	Tree	Decoction	2 tablespoons thrice a day for 3 days	Investigated	Yellow fever	[8, 10]
Labiatae	Hyptis pectinata Poir.	Bongoloza	Whole plant	Herb	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record		[20, 29]
Lamiaceae	Aeolanthus repens Oliv.	Ntulagi	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Quarter a glass thrice a day for 3 days	No record		[10]
	Ajuga remota Benth.	Kitinwa	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass once a day for a week	Investigated	Stomach ache	[10]
	Clerodendrum myricoides R. Br.	Kikonge	Leaves	Shrub	Decoction	Half a glass daily for a week	Investigated	Syphilis, intestinal problems, induction of labour	[10, 28]
	Clerodendrum rotundifolium Oliv.	Kisekeseke	Roots/leaves	Shrub	Fresh leaf extract/root decoction	Half a glass daily for a 5 days	Investigated	Diabetes	[10]
	Hoslundia opposita Vahl.	Kamunye	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass 3 times a day for a week; bath	Investigated	Ulcers	[8, 10, 25]
	Leonotis nepetifolia Schimp. exBenth	Kifumufumu	Whole plant	Herb	Decoction	A glassful thrice a day for 3 days	Investigated	Headache	[10, 21]
	Ocimum basilicum	Emopim	Leaves	Herb	Infusion	Half a glass 3 times a day for a week	Investigated	Fever, eye cataract	[23, 27]
	Ocimum gratissimum Willd.	Mujaaja	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass 3 times a day for 5 days	Investigated	Wounds, ear infections, chest pain	[10, 21]
	Ocimum lamiifolium Hochst.	Omwenyi	Leaves		Decoction	Half a glass 3 times a day for a week	Investigated	Abdominal pain	[19]
	Plectranthus barbatus	Ebiriri omutano	Whole plant/leaves, roots/stem	Herb	Infusion	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Fever, heart disease, snake bite	[10, 23]
	Plectranthus caninus Roth	Kibwankulata	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	4 and 2 teaspoons thrice a day for adults and children, respectively, for a week	No record		[10]
	Plectranthus cf. forskohlii	Ekizera	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record		[19]
	Rosmarinus officinalis L.	Rosemary	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass twice a day for 5 days	Investigated	Chest pain	[10]
	Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd	Kyewamala	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	One teaspoon twice a day for a week	Investigated		[10]
Lauranceae	Persea americana Mill.	Ovakedo	Leaves	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Fungal and bacterial infection, high blood pressure, intestinal worms and parasites	[23]
Loranthaceae	Tapinanthus constrictiflorus (Engl.) Danser	Enzirugaze	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	A glass daily for 7 days	No record		[10]
Malvaceae	Hibiscus surattensis L.	Nantayitwako musota	Leaves	Shrub	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for 7 days	No record	High blood pressure	[10]
Meliaceae	Azadirachta indica A. Juss.	Neem	Leaves	Tree	Decoction	About 120 ml once a day for 7 days	Investigated	Dental decay/ache, yellow fever, cough, skin diseases, diabetes, nausea	[10, 19, 23, 25]
	Carapa grandiflora Sprague	Omukeete	Leaves/bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass twice a day for 7 days	No record		[10]
	Melia azedarach	Elira	Leaves	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Fever, skin disease, itching wounds, parasitic worms	[23]
Menispermaceae	Cissampelos mucronata A. Rich.	Kavawala	Leaves/whole plant	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass twice a day for 5 days	Investigated		[10]
Mimosaceae	Acacia hockii De willd	Ekisim	Roots	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Diarrhea, syphilis, dysentery	[23, 30]
	Acacia nilotica						Investigated		[31]
	Acacia sieberiana	Etiriri	Roots	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Dysentery, epilepsy, cough	[21, 23]
	Albizia coriaria Welw.	Lugavu	Bark	Tree	Decoction	1 and 3 teaspoons thrice a day for children and adults, respectively, for a week.	Investigated	Skin diseases, diarrhea	[10]
	Albizia grandibracteata Taube	Nongo	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass once a day for a week	Investigated	Yellow fever, anemia, fungal infections of scalp	[8, 10, 32]
	Albizia zygia (DC.) Macbr.	Mulongo	Bark	Tree			Investigated		[21]
	Newtonia buchananii (Baker) Gilb. & Perr.	Mpewere	Bark	Tree	Dried, powdered, added to boiling water	Half a glass once a day for a week	No record		[10]
Moraceae	Antiaris toxicaria Lesch.	Kirundu	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass once a day for a week	Investigated	Weakness in pregnancy, headache	[8, 10]
	Ficus natalensis Hochst			Tree			Investigated	Gonorrhea	[8, 33]
	Ficus saussureana DC.	Muwo	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for 7 days	No record		[10]
	Milicia excels (Welw.) C. C. Berg.	Mivule	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for 7 days	Investigated	Burns, fresh cuts, skin rush	[8, 10]
Moringaceae	Moringa oleifera Lam	Moringa	Leaves/roots	Tree	Decoction/chewed raw	A glassful thrice a day for 7 days; a handful of fresh leaves chewed 3 times for 4 days	Investigated	Joint pains	[21, 25]
Musaceae	Musa paradisiaca (NC)	Kabalagala	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Jaundice, prolonged embryo in uterus	[19]
Myricaceae	Myrica kandtiana Engl. (NC)	Omujeeje	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Vomiting, diarrhea	[19]
Myristicaceae	Pycnanthus angolensis (Welw.)Warb.	Lunaba	Leaves	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass a day	Investigated		[10]
Myrsinaceae	Maesa lanceolata Forssk.	Kiwondowondo	Leaves	Shrub	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for 7 days	Investigated	Febrile convulsions	[10, 19, 24]
Myrtaceae	Eucalyptus grandis Maiden.	Kalitunsi	Leaves	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass a day	No record	Cough	[8, 10]
	Psidium guajava L.	Mupeera	Leaves	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for a week	Investigated	Bloody diarrhea, typhoid, wounds, cough	[10, 23]
	Syzygium cordatum Hochst.	Mugeege	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Dry cough, skin rush, wounds	[8, 10, 20, 29]
	Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels	Jambula	Leaves	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for a week	Investigated	Cough	[32]
	Syzygium guineense (Willd.) DC.	Kalunginsanvu	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated		[20]
Papillionaceae	Butyrospermuum paradoxum	Ekunguri	Roots	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Labour pains, headaches	[23]
	Ormocarpum trachycarpum	Ederut	Roots	Shrub	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Pneumonia, snake bite	[23]
Passifloraceae	Passiflora edulis Sims	Akatunda	Leaves	Herb	Fresh extract	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Diarrhea, cough	[19]
Pittosporaceae	Pittosporum brachcalya	Not defined	Not defined	Shrub			No record		[34]
	Pittosporum mannii Hook. f. Subsp. ripicola (J. Leon)Cuf.	Mubajjankon	Leaves	Shrub	Infusion/decoction	Half a glass a day for a week	No record		[10]
Poaceae	Cymbopogon citratus Stapf.	Kisubi	Leaves	Grass	Decoction	120 ml every after 8 hours for a week	Investigated	Dental caries, influenza, cough, cancer, indigestion, fever	[10, 19, 23]
	Digitaria scalarum Chiov.	Lumbugu	Leaves	Grass	Decoction	120 ml every after 8 hours for a week	No record		[10]
	Imperata cylindrical (L.) Beauv. var. africana (Anderss.) C. E. Hubbard	Lusenke	Roots	Grass	Dried, powdered, added boiling water/decoction	120 ml once a day for a week	No record	Abdominal pain	[10]
	Zea mays L.	Luyange lwakasoli	Flowers/husks	Cereal grass	Decoction	120 ml every after 8 hours for a week	Investigated	Boosts immunity	[10]
Polygalaceae	Securidaca longipedunculata Fresen.	Eliloi	Roots	Shrub	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Skin diseases, measles, cough, hernia, diarrhea	[23]
	Maesopsis eminii Engl.	Musizi	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for a week	No record		[10]
Portulacaceae	Talinum portulacifolium (Forssk.) Asch. ex Schweinf.	Mpozia	Leaves	Herb		Oral, dose not specified	No record		[21]
Rosaceae	Prunus africana (Hook. f.) Kalkman	Ntaseesa or Ngwabuzito	Bark	Tree	Decoction	2 and 3 teaspoons thrice a day for children and adults, respectively, for a week	Investigated	Fainting, cancer	[8, 10]
	Rubus steudneri schweinf.	Nkenene	Leaves	Herb	Decoction	Half a glass once a day for a week	No record		[10]
Rubiaceae	Coffea canephora Froehner	Mwanyi	Leaves	Shrub	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record		[21]
	Hallea rubrostipulata (K. Schum.) J.-F. Leroy	Muziku	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated		[20]
	Pentas longiflora Oliv.	Ishagara	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Fever	[19]
	Vangueria apiculata K. Schum.	Matugunda	Bark	Shrub	Decoction	2 and 3 teaspoons thrice a day for children and adults, respectively, for a week	No record		[10]
Rutaceae	Citrus reticulata	Omuqugwa	Roots	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Weight loss induction, cancer, skin diseases	[23]
	Citrus sinensis	Omucungwa/cungwa	Roots	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Vomiting, cough, diabetes	[21, 23, 25]
	Teclea nobilis Delile	Omuzo	Aerial parts		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Body cleanser	[32]
	Toddalia asiatica Baill.	Kawule	Roots	Climber	Decoction	Half a glass thrice a day for a week	Investigated	Cough, abdominal pain	[10, 19, 24]
	Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl.	Ntale ya ddungu	Roots	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Body swellings, stomach ache, cough, fever, chest pain	[10, 23, 28]
	Zanthoxyllum leprieurii Guill. & Perr.	Mutatembwa/munyenye	Bark	Tree	Decoction drunk	Half a glass thrice a day for a week	No record		[10]
Salicaceae	Trimeria grandifolia ssp. tropica (Hochst.) Warb.	Omwatanshare	Leaves		Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated		[19]
Sapindaceae	Blighia unijugata Baker	Nkuzanyana	Bark	Tree	Decoction drunk	Half a glass twice a day for a week	Investigated	Wounds, vomiting, skin diseases, fibroids, cervical cancer	[8, 10]
Sapotaceae	Manilkara obovata (Sabine & G. Don)	Nkunya	Bark	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record		[20]
Scrophulariaceae	Sopubia ramosa (Hochst.) Hochst.	Kakulunkanyi	Whole plant	Herb	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record		[20]
Simaroubaceae	Harrisonia abyssinica Olive.	Ekeroi	Roots/leaves	Shrub	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Fever, wounds, syphilis, snake bite, abdominal pain	[23]
Solanaceae	Datura stramonium Thunb.	Amadudu	Leaves	Herb	Decoction drunk	Half a glass thrice a day for a week	No record	Ulcers, stomach ache, chest pain	[10]
	Physalis peruviana L.	Ntuntunu	Leaves	Herb	Decoction drunk	Half a glass 3 times a day for a week	No record	Vomiting, febrile convulsions, fainting	[8, 10, 19]
	Solanum nigrum L.	Nsugga	Leaves	Herb	Decoction drunk	Half a glass 3 times a day for a week	Investigated	Ear infection, headache, epilepsy, STI, diarrhea	[8, 10]
Tiliaceae	Trumfetta rhomboidea Jacq.	Musombankoko	Roots	Shrub	Decoction drunk	Half a glass once a day for a week	No record		[10]
Ulmaceae	Celtis africana L.	Akasisa	Leaves	Tree	Decoction drunk	Half a glass a day for a week	Investigated		[10]
Umbelliferae	Steganotania araliacea Hoeshst	Ematule	Roots/leaves	Tree	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	No record	Measles, body swelling	[23]
Verbenaceae	Lantana camara	Kanpanga	Leaves	Shrub	Decoction	Oral, dose not specified	Investigated	Wounds, measles, tuberculosis, pneumonia, snake bite, chest pain	[23]
	Lantana trifolia L.	Omuhukye	Leaves		Decoction	Orally taken, dose not specified	Investigated	Yellow fever, ringworms, muscle pain, prolapsed rectum	[8, 19]
Zingiberaceae	Curcuma longa L.	Binjali	Rhizome	Herb	Fresh extract	30 ml thrice a day for 3 days	Investigated		[28]