The Potential Role of Probiotics in Controlling Overweight/Obesity and Associated Metabolic Parameters in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 4

Subgroup analyses for the effects of probiotics on waist circumference.

Subgroup	Number of trials	Number of participants	I^2	Weighted mean difference
			%	(95% CI)
Probiotics dosage
≥ 10^10 CFU	6	212	86.9	-1.53 (-2.64, -0.41)
< 10^10 CFU	2	69	0	-0.32 (-0.84, 0.20)
Number of probiotics species
Single	4	168	91.6	-1.69 (-3.04, -0.33)
Multiple	4	113	0	-0.42 (-0.91, 0.07)
Form of probiotics
Capsule or powder	6	187	92.3	-1.34 (-2.76, 0.08)
Food	2	94	0	-1.11 (-1.64, -0.59)