| | Chinese medicine | Family | Chinese medicine code | Weight (g) | Phytochemical fractions | Pharamacological activity |
| | Rehmannia glutinosa | Scrophulariaceae | A-J-018 | 20 | Iridoids, saccharides, amino acid, inorganic ions [12] | Immune enhancement, regulation of the endocrine system, antisenescence, protective effects on blood system, antitumor effects [12] |
| | Angelica sinensis | Apiaceae lindl. | A-J-014 | 10 | Flavonoids, amino acids, trace elements, vitamins and volatile oils, phthalides, organic acids, polysaccharides [13] | Antiblood deficiency, hematopoietic activities, antiinflammatory activity, antifibrotic action, antispasmodic activity, antioxidant activities, and neuroprotective action, cardio- and cerebrovascular effects, antitumor [13] |
| | Dioscorea oppositifolia | Dioscoreaceae | A-J-037 | 15 | Yam polysaccharides, diosgenin, adenosine, and arbutin [14–17] | Estrogen-like effects, hypoglycemic effects, antioxidant and antitumor activities, immunomodulatory activity, enhancing cognitive function [14–17] |
| | Cornus officinalis | Cornaceae | A-G-075 | 15 | Flavonoids, triterpenes, tannins, saccharides, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, iridoids, and essential oils [18] | Hepatic and renal protection, antidiabetes activity, cardioprotection, antioxidation, neuroprotection, antitumor activity, antiinflammation, analgesic effects, antiaging activity, antiamnesia, antiosteoporosis, immunoregulation [18] |
| | Lyeium chinense | Solanaceae | A-G-001 | 12 | Polysaccharides, glycerogalactolipids, phenylpropanoids, coumarins, lignans,flavonoids, and alkaloids [19] | Improving immune functions, antioxidative and antiaging, anticancer effect, antifatigue effect, antiviral effect, hepatoprotective effect, hypoglycemic effect, hypolipidemic effect [20] |
| | Epimedium brevicornu | Berberidaceae | A-Q-043 | 10 | Epimedins, icariin, flavonoids, and phenolic [21, 22] | Anti-inflammatory activity, regulation of the brain/spinal cord/bone axis, antioxidant activities, improve the ovarian endocrine function [21, 22] |
| | Astragalus membranaceus | Papilionaceae | A-J-019 | 10 | Flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, and amino acids [23] | Immunomodulatory activity, antioxidant activity, antihyperglycemic activity, anti-inflammatory activity, antiviral activity, dilation of the blood vessels [23] |
| | Placenta hominis | Hominidae | A-W-043 | 10 | Gonadal hormone, amino acid, placental globulin, fibrinogen activator, kininase, oxytocin, erythropoietin, phospholipids, and polysaccharides [24] | Anti-infective effect, hormone-like action, enhancing immune function, promoting wound healing [24] |
| | Cyperus rotundus | Cyperaceae | A-J-057 | 10 | Essential oils, phenolic acids, ascorbic acids, and flavonoids [25] | Antiandrogenic, antibacterial, anticancerous, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antigenotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antilipidemic, antimalarial, antimutagenic, antiobesity, antioxidant, antiuropathogenic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, nootropic agent [25] |
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