| | Study | Study location | Sample size
(male/female) | Interventions | Treatment period | Outcomes | Adverse events |
| | Su (2005) | Guangdong, China | AG: 26/64
CG: 20/56 | AG: MA
CG: drugs (Estazolam) | AG: once a day for 12 days, 30 min
CG: twice a day for 12 days | CE | NR | | Huang (2010) | USA | AG: 6
CG: 6 | AG: MA
CG: sham acupuncture | Two times per week for 4 weeks, followed by one time per week for 4 weeks, 30 min | PSQI
| Not serious, mild | | Qiu (2014) | Beijing, China | AG: 71/65
CG: 74/62 | AG: MA
CG: drugs (Eszopiclone) | AG: once a day for 30 days, 30 min
CG: once a day for 30 days | CE
PSQI
VAS | Not serious, mild | | Wang (2015) | Sichuan, China | AG: 30
CG: 30 | AG: MA
CG: drugs (Estazolam) | AG: once a day for 20 days, 30 min
CG: once a day for 20 days | PSQI
| NR | | Kui (2016) | Guangdong, China | AG:16 /14
CG:15 /15 | AG: MA
CG: sham acupuncture | Once a day for 2 weeks, 30 min | CE
| Not serious, mild | | Zheng (2016) | Guangdong, China | AG: 44/36
CG: 43/37 | AG: MA
CG: drugs (Zaoren Anshen capsule) | AG: once a day for 20 days, 30 min
CG: once a day for 20 days | CE
PSQI
| NR | | Gu (2017) | Zhejiang, China | AG: 24/16
CG: 22/18 | AG: MA
CG: drugs (Alprazolam) | AG: once a day for 4 weeks, 30 min
CG: once a day for 4 weeks | CE
PSQI
VAS | Not serious, mild | | Song (2017) | Neimenggu, China | AG: 18/16
CG: 19/15 | AG: MA
CG: drugs (Estazolam) | AG: once a day for 30 days, 30 min
CG: once a day for 30 days | CE
PSQI
VAS | NR | | Yao (2018) | Yunnan, China | AG: 10/23
CG: 10/23 | AG: MA
CG: drugs (Eszopiclone) | AG: once a day for 20 days, 30 min
CG: once a day for 20 days | CE
PSQI | NR |
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AG, acupuncture group; CG, control group; CE, clinical effect; MA, manual acupuncture; NR, not reported; PSQI, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score; VAS, the visual analogue scale.
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