The Wound Healing Potential of Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams (Asteraceae)

Table 1

Constituent compounds in A. africana extract and associated activities that enhance wound healing.

S/No	Class of compound	Phytochemical compounds	Compound structure	Activities that enhances wound healing	Reference
a	Monoterpenes	carene		(i) Anti-inflammatory; (ii) Antimicrobial	[19–26]
b	Phytocannabinoids	Caryophyllene		(i) Antimicrobial; (ii) Anti-inflammatory	[19, 27–35]
c	Sesquiterpenes	Germacrene D		(i) Anti-inflammatory; (ii) Anti-microbial and; (iii) Anti-oxidant	[36–44]
d	Terpene	α-pinene		(i) Anti-microbial; (ii) Anti-inflammatory; (iii) Increases basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF); (iv) Increases platelet derived growth factor	[45–53]
e	Acyclic diterpene alcohol	Phytol		(i) Induces oxidative stress on microbial organisms; (ii) Reduces interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α levels	[4, 20, 54–60]
f	Fatty acid	Linolenic acid		(i) Anti-microbial; (ii) Down regulate inflammatory inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).	[20, 61–63]