Abelmoschus manihot for Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Table 2
Effect of Abelmoschus manihot on the likelihood of adverse drug events.
ADEs
No. of studies
Events
RR (95% CI)
P
Treatment group (n/N)
Control group (n/N)
Gastrointestinal discomfort
21
29/912
20/891
1.24 (0.72-2.13)
0.45
Dry mouth
11
5/528
16/527
0.51 (0.20-1.29)
0.15
Headache
10
1/520
16/515
0.29 (0.11-0.76)
0.01
Dizziness
4
4/164
4/151
0.94 (0.24-3.62)
0.92
Liver injury
4
4/135
2/122
1.40 (0.31-6.24)
0.66
Hypoglycemia
2
4/61
2/65
1.77 (0.39-8.04)
0.46
Hyperkalemia
1
2/29
1/29
2.00 (0.19-20.86)
0.56
Coughing
1
1/36
0/34∗
2.84 (0.12-67.36)
0.52
Hypotension
1
1/36
0/34∗
2.84 (0.12-67.36)
0.52
Total events
26
51/2421
61/2368
0.91 (0.63-1.31)
0.61
Notes: ADEs: adverse drug events; CI, confidence interval; RR, risk ratio; ∗: a standard correction of 0.5 was added to all cells when a 0 cell existed in a 2X2 table for the calculation of RR.
