Amaranthus mangostanus Inhibits the Differentiation of Osteoclasts and Prevents Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss

Figure 4

Amaranthus mangostanus (AM) inhibits osteoclast differentiation via nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand- (RANKL-) induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. (a)–(c) RAW 264.7 cells were treated with AM at indicated concentrations, followed by RANKL (50 ng/mL). (a) Whole cell lysates were analyzed using Western blot using specific antibodies against phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), ERK, phospho-p38, p38, phospho-c Jun N-terminal (JNK), JNK, phospho-Akt, and Akt and (b) phospho-p65, p65, phospho-IκB, IκB, and β-actin. (c) The nuclear and cytosolic p65 were analyzed using Western blot. Relative ratios of phosphorylation bands to total bands density were quantified using National Institutes for Health (NIH) ImageJ software and values are indicated under each band; n = 3; compared with control group, and compared with RANKL treatment group.

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