Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Effects of Massage Therapy on the Development of Babies Born with Down Syndrome

Table 2

Pretest-posttest contrast within each group and between groups for partial and global developmental age.


Variable	Group	Pretest median (IQR)	Posttest median (IQR)	Within-groups comparison p value	Within-groups change scores median (IQR)	Between-groups change scores value

Age of global development	Control	75.00 (57.75–138.00)	102.00 (74.25–174.75)	<0.001^a	13.50 (9.00–29.25)	<0.001^a
Age of global development	Exp	93.38 (36.33)^b	146.62 (35.66)^b	<0.001^c	49.50 (39.75–68.25)	<0.001^a

Age of motor development	Control	75.00 (60.00–146.25)	110.00 (75.00–182.75)	<0.001^a	20.00 (14.75–37.50)	<0.001^a
Age of motor development	Exp	75.00 (62.50–107.50)	135.00 (110.00–188.00)	<0.001^a	52.50 (41.00–65.00)	<0.001^a

Age of visual-motor coordination development	Control	85.00 (50.00–137.50)	115.00 (65.00–170.00)	0.001^a	10.00 (10.00–30.00)	<0.001^a
Age of visual-motor coordination development	Exp	100.56 (34.07)^b	147.75 (36.63)^b	<0.001^c	41.50 (29.50–67.25)	<0.001^a

Age of language development	Control	60.00 (60.00–146.25)	105.00 (90.00–172.50)	0.001^a	26.25 (16.88)	<0.001^cmean difference = 27.19 CI (13.64; 40.74)
Age of language development	Exp	96.56 (37.14)^b	150.00 (39.49)^b	<0.001^c	53.44 (20.47)	<0.001^cmean difference = 27.19 CI (13.64; 40.74)

Age of social development	Control	70.00 (48.75–137.50)	80.00 (70.00–147.50)	0.068^a	14.69 (29.52)^b	<0.001^cmean difference = 41.87 CI (24.11; 59.64)
Age of social development	Exp	70.00 (60.00–90.00)	130.00 (122.50–147.50)	<0.001^a	56.56 (18.41)^b	<0.001^cmean difference = 41.87 CI (24.11; 59.64)

^aMann-Whitney U test was used. ^bMean and standard deviation (SD) are shown. ^cStudent’s t-test was used for related samples. ^dThe difference between groups and their confidence interval (CI) are shown. IQR: interquartile range. Exp: experimental group.