In Vitro Wound Healing Activities of Three Most Commonly Used Thai Medicinal Plants and Their Three Markers

Table 3

Effectiveness of medicinal plant extracts on cell viability, proliferation, and wound closure activities on 3T3 CCL-92 cells.

No.	Type of extract	Medicinal plant extracts and chemical compounds	Toxicity IC50 ± SEM (μg/ml)	Proliferation			Wound closure
				Conc. (μg/ml)	% ± SEM	value	% ± SEM	Acceleration (% recovery/hour)	value
1	—	0.2% DMSO in DMEM	>100	—	0 ± 0	<Ref.>	39.67 ± 1.15	1.57 ± 0.03	<Ref.>
2	Ethanolic	Garcinia mangostana L.	44.63 ± 0.30	1	2.01 ± 0.40	0.953	40.21 ± 0.76	—	—
				2.5	23.38 ± 2.42	<0.001	48.42 ± 1.26	2.02 ± 0.03	<0.001
				5	52.68 ± 1.99	<0.001	42.94 ± 1.10	—	—
				10	33.99 ± 5.08	<0.001	32.75 ± 2.51	—	—
3	Ethanolic	Glycyrrhiza glabra L.	52.58 ± 1.45	1	4.51 ± 1.58	0.453	43.79 ± 1.36	—	—
				5	12.08 ± 1.35	0.011	47.73 ± 0.61	—	—
				10	22.38 ± 2.23	<0.001	50.72 ± 0.78	2.12 ± 0.03	<0.001
				25	52.13 ± 3.95	<0.001	35.54 ± 1.94	—	—
4	Ethanolic	Nigella sativa L.	>100	1	2.80 ± 0.77	0.058	42.36 ± 0.49	—	—
				10	5.27 ± 0.56	0.01	41.44 ± 0.41	—	—
				50	12.45 ± 0.91	<0.001	51.67 ± 1.33	—	—
				100	15.47 ± 0.87	<0.001	60.60 ± 2.31	2.65 ± 0.05	<0.001
5	—	α-Mangostin	5.31 ± 0.02	0.01	0.96 ± 0.27	0.948	39.73 ± 1.92	—	—
				0.1	1.30 ± .76	0.870	42.70 ± 1.44	—	—
				1	5.05 ± 1.48	0.052	51.63 ± 1.02	2.18 ± 0.03	<0.001
				2.5	26.72 ± 2.21	<0.001	36.76 ± 2.52	—	—
6	—	Glycyrrhizin	42.71 ± 0.59	0.1	0.59 ± 0.96	0.962	40.79 ± 0.66	—	—
				1	−0.26 ± 0.93	0.998	41.57 ± 2.73	—	—
				5	−0.04 ± 0.66	0.999	49.99 ± 0.65	—	—
				10	−1.47 ± 1.14	0.567	51.87 ± 1.28	2.18 ± 0.02	<0.001
7	—	Thymoquinone	7.29 ± 0.11	0.01	−0.63 ± 1.12	0.994	45.68 ± 0.55	—	—
				0.1	−0.11 ± 1.50	0.999	57.88 ± 0.34	2.35 ± 0.05	<0.001
				1	−0.74 ± 0.76	0.989	50.10 ± 0.72	—	—
				2.5	−2.33 ± 1.67	0.655	38.81 ± 0.71	—	—
8	—	Asiaticoside	>100	1	1.75 ± 1.31	0.614	43.55 ± 1.70	—	—
				10	3.35 ± 1.39	0.145	42.91 ± 0.90	—	—
				50	8.24 ± 1.32	0.001	54.85 ± 1.19	—	—
				100	13.71 ± 0.51	<0.001	58.80 ± 1.11	2.42 ± 0.03	<0.001