| Author(s) | Sample size (experimental/control) | Gender (male/female) | Diagnostic criteria | Experimental | Control | Duration | Outcome measures |
| Du et al. [20] | 60/60 | 66/54 | WHO-ISHNGMH-1999 | QDD (6 g, tid) + C | Felodipine sustained release tablet (5 mg, qd) | 1 month | BP, Ang II, ET | Du et al. [21] | 30/30 | 31/29 | DCPTHC | QDD (9 g, bid) + C | Nifedipine delayed-release tablet (30 mg, qd) | 1 month | AE, BP | Guo and Li [22] | 40/40 | 46/34 | DCPTHC | Modified QDD (1 dose/d) + C | Nifedipine delayed-release tablet (10 mg, bid), captopril tablet (25 mg, bid) | 1 month | AE, BP | Huang [23] | 40/40 | NR | DCPTHC | QDD (9 g, bid) + C | Nifedipine tablet (30 mg, qd) | 1 month | AE, BP | Liang [24] | 133/132 | 128/137 | WHO-ISHNGMH-1999 | QDD (6 g, bid) + C | CADLI | 6 months | AE | Li et al. [25] | 50/50 | 49/51 | WHO-ISHNGMH-1999 | Modified QDD (1 dose/d) | Conventional treatment (nao liqing, luo buma tablet, and dihydrochlorothiazide) | 3 months | AE | Liu [26] | 50/50 | 47/53 | WHO-ISHNGMH-1999 | Modified QDD (1 dose/d) + C | Amlodipine besylate tablet (5 mg, qd) | 1 month | BP, CE, QL | Liu et al. [27] | 219/114 | 159/174 | GDTCDIMCM | Modified QDD (1 dose/d) | Conventional treatment (nao liqing, luo buma tablet, and dihydrochlorothiazide) | 3 months | AE | Lu [28] | 40/40 | 48/32 | WHO-ISHNGMH-1999 | Modified QDD (1 dose/d) | Captopril tablet (25 mg, tid) | NR | AE | Luo and Luo [29] | 60/60 | 65/55 | WHO-ISHNGMH-1999 | Modified QDD (1 dose/d) | Nitrondipine tablet (10 mg, tid) | 2 months | AE, BP | Peng et al. [30] | 30/30 | 34/26 | WHO-ISHNGMH-1999 | QDD (1 dose/d) | Losartan potassium tablet (50 mg, qd) | 2 months | BP, ISI, INS | Song [31] | 36/36 | 42/30 | WHO-ISHNGMH-1999 | Modified QDD (1 dose/d) + C | Amlodipine besylate tablet (5 mg, qd) | 1 month | BP, CE, TCMSS, QL | Sun et al. [32] | 32/31 | 26/37 | WHO-ISHNGMH-1999 | QDD (1.5 g, tid) + C | Telmisartan tablet (40 mg, qd) | 1 month | AE | Wang [33] | 60/30 | 48/42 | WHO-ISHNGMH-1999 | Modified QDD (1 dose/d) + C | Irbesartan tablet (150 mg, qd) | 2 months | BP, mA1b β2-MG, NAG | Wang et al. [34] | 40/40 | 41/39 | DCPTHC | QDD (9 g, bid) + C | Enalapril maleate and folic acid tablet (0.8 mg, qd) | 1 month | AE, 24 h ABP | Yang and He [35] | 40/40 | 46/34 | DCPTHC | Modified QDD (1 dose/d) + C | Enalapril maleate capsules (5 mg, bid) | 3 months | AE | Yu [36] | 50/50 | 68/32 | DCPTHC | QDD (1 dose/d) + C | Conventional antihypertensive drugs (ACEI, ARB, CCB, and diuretic) | 1 month | AE, Ang II, HsCRP | Zhang [37] | 34/34 | 30/32 | WHO-ISHNGMH-1999 | QDD (1 dose/d) + C | Amlodipine besylate tablet (5 mg, qd) | 1 month | AE, BP | Zhu [38] | 46/46 | 49/43 | DCPTHC | QDD (9 g, bid) + C | Nifedipine controlled release tablet (30 mg, qd) | 2 months | AE, BP |
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