Evaluation of Subchronic Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Ethanolic Extract of Aster glehni Leaves and Stems

Table 7

In vitro chromosome aberration test in Chinese hamster lung cells with EAG.

Treatment schedule^a	S9 mix	Dose (µg/mL)	PP + ER (%)	Ratio of aberrant metaphase^b (%)	Cell counts^c		Mean	RICC^d (%)
					Flask A	Flask B
06–18	+	0	0.00	0.00	8,662	8,264	8,463	100
		350	0.33	0.33	8,263	8,387	8,325	97
		700	0.67	0.67	8,563	8,790	8,676	104
		1,300	0.00	0.33	6,083	6,262	6,172	57
		1,400	0.00	0.00	5,440	5,382	5,411	43
		B[a]P 20	0.00	15.00	6,000	5,850	5,925	52
06–18	−	0	0.00	0.00	9,162	9,348	9,255	100
		300	0.33	0.00	9,528	8,722	9,124	98
		600	0.67	0.00	8,670	8,912	8,791	92
		1,100	0.00	0.33	6,609	6,657	6,633	57
		1,200	0.67	0.00	6,032	5,864	5,947	46
		4NQO 0.4	0.00	10.33	7,309	7,192	7,250	67
24–0	−	0	0.33	0.33	8,900	8,910	8,905	100
		225	0.67	0.00	8,996	9,273	9,134	104
		450	0.33	0.00	9,589	9,273	9,431	109
		800	1.00	0.67	6,245	6,552	6,398	56
		900	0.00	0.33	6,031	5,889	5,960	49
		4NQO 0.4	0.00	9.33	7,012	6,669	6,840	64
Initial cell count					3,142	3,162	3,152

Significant difference at levels compared with the negative control by Fisher’s exact test. ^aTreatment time – recovery time, hours, ^bGap excludes, 150 metaphases were examined per culture. ^cAfter harvesting mitotic cells, each culture was trypsinized and suspended with 0.5 mL of 0.1% trypsin and 5 mL of culture medium. The cell suspensions of 0.4 mL/culture were diluted 50 times with 19.6 mL of Isoton® sol. The cells in 0.5 mL of Isoton® sol. were counted twice/culture using Coulter Counter model Z2. The actual number of cells per flask = mean cell count × 550. ^dRelative increase in cell count = ((cell count of treated flask – initial cell count)/(cell count of the negative control flask – initial cell count)) × 100, PP, polyploid; ER, endoreduplication; B[a]P, benzo[a]pyrene (positive control); and 4NQO, 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (positive control).