Effectiveness of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Hyperemesis Gravidarum: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 3

Characteristics of included studies (1).

Study	Year	Country	Study period	Age (years) (mean ± SD)		Gestational age (weeks) (mean ± SD)
				T	C	T	C
Habek et al. [18]	2004	Croatia	—	20.4 ± 4.7	20.8 ± 4.1	7 (6–9)^∗	8 (7–12)^∗
Neri et al. [19]	2005	Italy	2001.5–2002.7	—	—	—	—
Jin and Hu [29]	2014	China	2009.10–2013.10	25.09 ± 3.42	26.03 ± 3.19	9.03 ± 2.15	8.98 ± 2.28
Ma et al. [30]	2020	China	2013.10–2017.10	31.14 ± 4.06	31.36 ± 4.24	8.64 ± 1.22	8.36 ± 1.31
Wang [31]	2008	China	2005.1–2006.1	27 ± 3	27 ± 4	—	—
Ma and Meng [32]	2013	China	2010–2012	26.30		—	—
Zhao and Qiao [33]	2018	China	2015.4–2017.11	26 ± 3	26 ± 3	8.33 ± 1.94	8.03 ± 1.63
Zhang [34]	2013	China	2008.1–2012.12	28.58 ± 4.57	28.68 ± 3.76	8.90 ± 1.66	8.97 ± 1.58
Yan et al. [35]	2012	China	2008.1–2009.6	28.09 ± 5.78	28.03 ± 6.25	9.08 ± 2.44	8.95 ± 2.58
Xu et al. [36]	2015	China	2013.1–2014.10	(20–35)^#		(4–12)^#
Sun and Cui [37]	1995	China	1992.1–1994.12	(22–34)^#		—	—
Yang [38]	2019	China	2016.11–2018.11	31.56 ± 6.25	31.42 ± 6.37	8.52 ± 3.62	8.86 ± 3.57
Zhong [39]	2017	China	2015.9–2016.9	28.35 ± 2.76	27.93 ± 2.47	—	—
Xie [40]	2006	China	2004.1–2005.5	27.25 ± 3.35	27.46 ± 3.29	—	—
Mao and Liang [41]	2009	China	2001.1–2008.12	28.23 ± 4.73	28.63 ± 4.86	8.30 ± 1.60	8.33 ± 1.58
Zhang [42]	2005	China	1999.3	—	—	—	—

Abbreviation: SD: standard deviation; T: treatment group; C: control group; ^∗: figures are median and range; ^#: figures are a range.