Review Article

Effectiveness of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Hyperemesis Gravidarum: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 4

Characteristics of included studies (2).

StudyInterventionNumber of patients (T/C)Intervention periodRelevant outcomesStudy type
TC

Habek et al. [18]APPlacebo acupuncture18 (10/8)Over 7 daysRCT
Neri et al. [19]AP + acupressureMetoclopramide
Infusion + oral vitamin B12 complex 30 mg/day
81 (43/38)14 days④⑩⑪RCT
Jin and Hu [29]AP + ①40 (20/20)Lasted for 5 days②③⑦⑧⑨RCT
Ma et al. [30]AP + ①72 (35/34)Lasted for 7 days②③④⑤⑥RCT
Wang [31]AP95 (53/42)Lasted for 6 days②⑧⑨RCT
Ma and Meng [32]AP + TNATNA60 (30/30)Lasted for 5 daysRCT
Zhao and Qiao [33]AP + acupoint sticking60 (30/30)Lasted for up to 7 daysRCT
Zhang [34]AP + ① + psychological counseling62 (31/31)Lasted for 7 daysRCT
Yan et al. [35]AP + ①64 (32/32)(3.12 ± 0.25) days/(6.32 ± 0.12) days②⑦⑬RCT
Xu et al. [36]AP + moxibustion + ①70 (35/35)UnknownRCT
Sun and Cui [37]AP + ①40 (20/20)Lasted for 3 daysRCT
Yang [38]AP + ①60 (30/30)Unknown②⑫RCT
Zhong [39]AP + ①70 (35/35)UnknownRCT
Xie [40]AP + ①94 (47/47)Lasted for 10 days②③④⑤⑥RCT
Mao and Liang. [41]AP + ①① + oral luminal 30 mg, tid60 (30/30)Lasted for 7 daysRCT
Zhang [42]AP + moxibustion① + oral luminal 30 mg, tid100 (50/50)14 daysRCT

Abbreviation: T: treatment group; C: control group; RCT: randomized controlled trial; AP: acupuncture; TNA: total nutrient admixture; tid: three times a day; ①: symptomatic rehydration support treatment; ②: effective rate; ③: conversion rate of urine ketone; ④: improvement rate of food intake; ⑤: improvement rate of lassitude symptom; ⑥: improvement rate of nausea and vomiting symptom; ⑦:length of hospital stay; ⑧: serum potassium; ⑨: pregnancy termination rate; ⑩: improvement rate of nausea intensity; ⑪: improvement rate of vomiting episodes; ⑫: adverse events rate; ⑬: recurrence rate.