Effect of Electroacupuncture on Bladder Dysfunction via Regulation of MLC and MLCK Phosphorylation in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Figure 5

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the rat bladder detrusor. (a) Control group. (b) DM group. (c) EA group. (d) Sham EA group. Organelles such as nucleus, Mi, and RER are seen. (1) A representative image from the normal bladder SMCs at a magnification of ×12,000. (2) A representative image from the normal bladder fibroblasts at a magnification of ×12,000. The yellow arrowheads indicate the expansion of RER. (3) A representative image from the bladder SMCs of diabetic rats at a magnification of ×12,000. The blue arrowheads indicate the swelling of Mi, and the green arrowheads indicate Mi autophagy. (4) A representative image from the bladder fibroblasts of diabetic rats at a magnification of ×12,000. The yellow arrowheads indicate the expansion of RER, and the blue arrowheads indicate the mild swelling of Mi. (5) A representative image of bladder SMCs in diabetic rats treated with sham EA, at a magnification of ×12,000. The blue arrowheads indicate the mild swelling of Mi. (6) A representative image of bladder fibroblasts in diabetic rats treated with sham EA, at a magnification of ×12,000. The yellow arrowheads indicate the dilatation of RER, and the blue arrowheads indicate the swelling of Mi. (7) A representative image of bladder SMCs in diabetic rats treated with EA, at a magnification of ×12,000. The blue arrowheads indicate the swelling of Mi. (8) A representative image of bladder fibroblasts in diabetic rats treated with EA, at a magnification of ×12,000. The blue arrowheads indicate the mild swelling of Mi. Mi: mitochondria; RER: rough endoplasmic reticulum; EA: electroacupuncture.

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