Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Seven Qi-Tonifying Chinese Medicine Injections for AECOPD Patients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of included studies.

Study ID	Sample size assessed (I/C)	Mean age (I/C)	Severity	Intervention arm	Control arm	Treatment duration	Reported outcomes	Adverse events (I/C)
Cai et al. [29]	60/60	59.89/61.21	NR	CKZ + RT	RT	2 w	FEV1; PaCO2
Chen et al. [30]	41/43	67.1/65.7	NR	CKZ + RT	RT	14 d	FEV1%	I: tolerable injection site pain (4 cases), injection site induration (1 case)
Chen et al. [31]	55/53	NR	NR	HQ + RT	RT	10～14 d	FVC; response rate
Chi et al. [32]	48/48	76.45/77.68	NR	SF + RT	RT	14 d	PaO2; PaCO2; response rate	I: injection site pruritus (1 case)
Deng et al. [33]	30/30	67.5/65.5	NR	SM + RT	RT	10 d	PaO2; PaCO2; response rate
Guo et al. [34]	35/35	67/66	NR	SM + RT	RT	15 d	Response rate
Han et al. [35]	36/36	NR	NR	SF + RT	RT	2 w	FEV1%; PaO2; PaCO2; response rate
Hu et al. [36]	43/43	64.39/65.18	NR	CKZ + RT	RT	2 w	FEV1%; 6MWD; response rate
Zhang et al. [37]	26/25	61/66	NR	HQ + RT	RT	10 d	Response rate
Jiang et al. [38]	18/18	65.8/66.1	NR	SQFZ + RT	RT	10 d	Response rate
Jin et al. [39]	34/36	66.44/66.56	NR	SF + RT	RT	2 w	FEV1%; response rate
Li et al. [40]	36/36	NR	NR	KA + RT	RT	7 d	mMRC; response rate
Li et al. [41]	42/42	60.3/60.3	1–4	SQFZ + RT	RT	7 d	FEV1; FVC; mMRC	I: oral fungal infection (2 cases), lethargy (1 case), low fever (1 case)
								C: oral fungal infection (1 case), lethargy (1 case)
Li et al. [42]	40/40	60.13/58.81	NR	CKZ + RT	RT	7 d	FEV1; FVC; FEV1%; response rate	I: dizziness, nausea (1 case);
								C: dizziness, nausea (1 case)
Liang et al. [43]	25/25	66.27/65.34	NR	HQ + RT	RT	10 d	FEV1; FEV1%; PaO2; PaCO2; response rate
Liao et al. [44]	30/28	68.3/65.2	1–3	SF + RT	RT	14 d	FVC; FEV1%; response rate
Liu et al. [45]	60/60	65.2/65.0	NR	SQFZ + RT	RT	10 d	FEV1; FVC; FEV1%; PaO2; PaCO2
Liu et al. [46]	25/25	68.72/69.56	NR	CKZ + RT	RT	7 d	PaO2; PaCO2; mMRC
Lv et al. [47]	36/36	NR	NR	SGM + RT	RT	7 d	PaO2; PaCO2; response rate	I: gastrointestinal reactions (4 cases);
								C: gastrointestinal reactions (3 cases)
Qin et al. [48]	35/35	60.5/61.3	NR	SF + RT	RT	7 d	FEV1%; PaO2; PaCO2; response rate
Ren et al. [49]	35/35	62.5/62.8	NR	SF + RT	RT	2 w	Response rate
Ruan et al. [50]	64/64	63.4/62.8	2-3	SM + RT	RT	2 w	FEV1; FVC; response rate
Tang et al. [51]	44/42	72.89/71.23	2–4	SF + RT	RT	7 d	PaO2; PaCO2
Wang et al. [52]	30/30	62.8/64.1	NR	SF + RT	RT	NR	PaO2; PaCO2; the length of hospitalization; response rate
Wang et al. [53]	32/28	69.5/69.3	1–4	SGM + RT	RT	2 w	PaO2; PaCO2; the length of hospitalization; response rate
Wu [54]	25/25	75.35/74	NR	CKZ + RT	RT	7 d	PaO2; PaCO2; response rate
Xiao et al. [55]	32/32	63.7/62.6	NR	SM + RT	RT	14 d	FEV1; FEV1%
Xiong et al. [56]	56/56	66.7/66.5	NR	HQ + RT	RT	14 d	FEV1%; PaO2; PaCO2; response rate
Yin et al. [57]	30/30	49.38/47.62	NR	SGM + RT	RT	14 d	FEV1; FVC; FEV1%; PaO2; PaCO2
Yuan et al. [58]	39/39	74.4/74.6	1–3	CKZ + RT	RT	21 d	FEV1; FVC; PaO2; PaCO2; response rate
Yue et al. [59]	35/35	62.1/61.8	2–3	SGM + RT	RT	2 w	FEV1; FVC; PaO2
Zhang et al. [60]	39/39	64.3/65.1	NR	SF + RT	RT	2 w	FEV1%; PaO2; PaCO2; response rate
Zheng et al. [61]	30/28	67.3/67.5	NR	SQFZ + RT	RT	10 d	FVC; PaO2; PaCO2
Zhou et al. [62]	31/31	64.63/63.57	NR	SGM + RT	RT	2 w	Response rate
Zhou et al. [63]	30/30	NR	NR	HQ + RT	RT	14 d	FEV1; FVC; FEV1%
Zhu et al. [64]	26/26	72.04/71.69	NR	HQ + RT	RT	2 w	FEV1%; PaO2; PaCO2

I: intervention; C: control; NR: not reported; CKZ: Chuankezhi injection; HQ: Huangqi injection; SF: Shenfu injection; SM: Shenmai injection; SQFZ: Shenqi Fuzheng injection; SGM: Shengmai injection; KA: Kangai injection; RT: routine treatment.