Biological Activities and Chemistry of Triterpene Saponins from Medicago Species: An Update Review

Table 1

Saponins identified in M. arabica leaves.

Aglycone	No.	3-OH substituted	28-COOH substituted	30-CH3 substituted	Formula weight	Ref.
2β,3β,30-Trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid	1^∗	α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-GluA	—	β-D-Glc	C47H74O20 958	[22]
	2^∗	β-D-GluA	—	α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc	C47H74O20 958	[22]
	3^∗	β-D-GluA	—	β-D-Glc	C42H66O16 826	[22]
3β,30-Dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid	4^∗	α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-GluA	—	β-D-Glc	C47H74O19 942	[22]
	5^∗	β-D-GluA	—	α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc	C47H74O19 942	[22]
Hederagenin	6	α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc-(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara	β-D-Glc	—	C52H84O22 1060	[22]
	7	β-D-Glc-(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara	β-D-Glc	—	C47H76O18 928	[22]
	8	α-L-Ara	β-D-Glc	—	C41H66O13 766	[22, 25]
	9	α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc-(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara	—	—	C46H74O17 898	[22]
	10	β-D-Glc-(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara	—	—	C41H66O13 766	[6, 22, 25]
	11	α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-GluA	—	—	C41H64O14 780	[22]
	12	α-L-Ara	—	—	C35H56O8 604	[22, 25]
Bayogenin	13	α-L-Ara	β-D-Glc	—	C41H64O14 782	[22, 25]
	14	α-L-Ara	—	—	C35H56O9 620	[22, 25]
2β-Hydroxy oleanolic acid	15	α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-GluA	β-D-Glc	—	C47H74O19 942	[22]
	16	β-D-GluA	—	—	C36H56O10 648	[22]
Soyasapogenol B	17	L-Rha(1⟶2)-β-D-Gal-(1⟶2)-β-D-GluA	—	—	C48H78O18 942	[6, 22]
Oleanolic acid	18	α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-GluA	—	—	C41H64O13 764	[22]
	19	β-D-GluA	—	—	C36H56O9 632	[22]