Research Progress on the Antiosteoarthritic Mechanism of Action of Natural Products

Table 2

Natural products of polysaccharides with antiosteoarthritis function.

Compound	Source	Cell/animal model	Effect	Ref
Angelica sinensis polysaccharide	Angelica sinensis	Chondrocytes of male SD rats	Inhibit both apoptosis and expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), increase expression of anabolic gene (Col2a1, aggrecan, and SOX9), and decrease expression of catabolic gene (MMP-1, -3, and -9)	[34]
Cartilage proteoglycan of the thorn shark	Cartilage of Centrophorus	Female Wistar rats induced by MIA	Reduce the expressions of the inflammatory modulators including TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-13, NOS2, IL-10, and COX-2	[50]
Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide	Radix Cyathulae Bidentatae	Chondrocytes of male SD rats	Upregulate gene expression of cyclin D1, CDK4, and CDK6 and suppress NFATc1 transcriptional activity and the phosphorylation of MAPK pathways	[86,87]
Cibotium barometz polysaccharides	Cibotium barometz	Chondrocytes of male SD rats	Boost the mRNA and protein expression of cyclin D1, CDK4, and pRB	[88]

MIA: injection of sodium iodoacetate.