Procyanidin B2 Alleviates Palmitic Acid-Induced Injury in HepG2 Cells via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway

Table 2

Effect of PCB2 on SOD, MDA, and Ca²⁺ levels in PA-induced HepG2 cells

Groups	SOD (U/mg)	MDA (nmol/mg)	Ca^2+ (μmol/mg)
Control	2980.011 ± 140.288	1.165 ± 0.106	0.181 ± 0.01
PA (125 μM)	2405.464 ± 90.575^##	1.521 ± 0.032^##	0.224 ± 0.004^###
PA + PCB2 (2.5 μM)	2953.916 ± 105.401	1.347 ± 0.024	0.20 ± 0.007
PA + PCB2 (5 μM)	3045.872 ± 114.002	1.321 ± 0.022	0.196 ± 0.009
PA + PCB2 (10 μM)	3323.062 ± 158.858	1.193 ± 0.038	0.19 ± 0.008

HepG2 cells were exposed to PA (125 μM) and treated by PCB2 (2.5, 5, and 10 μM) for 24 h. SOD, MDA, and Ca²⁺ levels were detected by kits, respectively. The bold values are presented as means ± S.D.^## < 0.01 and^### < 0.001 vs control,  < 0.05,  < 0.01, and  < 0.001 vs model groups For SOD level, control vs. PA: P = 0.0066; PA vs. 2.5μM: P = 0.0089; PA vs. 5μM: P = 0.0031; PA vs. 10μM: P = 0.0002. For MDA level, control vs. PA: P = 0.0027; PA vs. 10μM: P = 0.0053. For Ca²⁺ level, control vs. PA: P<0.0001; PA vs. 2.5μM: P = 0.0014; PA vs. 5μM: P = 0.0003; PA vs. 10μM: P<0.0001. .