The Effect of Rhythmic Breathing on the Severity of Sternotomy Pain after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Table 4

The comparison of mean differences scores of the pain severity before and after intervention in the RB and control groups.

Day	Measurement times	Groups	Mean ± SD	Min	Max	value
Fist day	9 a.m.	RB	1.3 ± 0.59	1	3	t(45.5) = 2.24,  = 0.028
		Control	0.8 ± 1.06	0	4
	9 p.m.	RB	1.23 ± 0.56	1	3	t(58) = 5.67,  < 0.001
		Control	0.36 ± 0.61	0	2
Second day	9 a.m.	RB	1.06 ± 0.25	1	2	t(32.9) = 3.45,  = 0.002
		Control	0.43 ± 0.97	0	3
	9 p.m.	RB	1/0 ± 0.0	1	1	t(29) = 20.15,  < 0.001
		Control	0.06 ± 0.25	0	1
Third day	9 a.m.	RB	1.03 ± 0.18	1	2	t(58) = 21.2,  < 0.001
		Control	0.03 ± 0.18	0	1
	9 p.m.	RB	1.06 ± 0.25	1	2	t(29) = 23,  < 0.001
		Control	0.0 ± 0.0	0	0

RB : rhythmic breathing; SD: standard deviation; Min : minimum; Max : maximum; independent t-test.