Efficacy and Safety of “Bushen Huoxue Therapy”-Based Combined Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment for Diabetic Kidney Disease: an Updated Meta-Analysis of 2105 Patients

Table 1

Basic characteristics of included RCTs.

Study	Type of Experiment	Sample size	Random method	Interventions		Period of treatment	Outcomes	Adverse reactions
		C/E		C	E			C/E
Bao [12]	RCT	45/45	Lottery	N	N + Bushen Huoxue granules	12 weeks	①②③④⑥⑦	0/0
Cao and Shao [13]	RCT	90/90	Lottery	N	N + Bushen Huoxue decoction	12 weeks	①②③④⑥	—
Chen and Lu [14]	RCT	50/50	Lottery	N	N + Baoshentongluo decoction	8 weeks	①②④⑥
Cui et al. [15]	RCT	43/44	TRD	N	N + Baoshentongluo decoction	12 weeks	①③④⑤⑥⑦	0/0
Deng et al. [16]	RCT	30/30	—	N	N + Jiangtanghuoxue decoction	12 weeks	①②③⑤⑥	—
Guo and Ma [17]	RCT	35/35	TRD	N	N + Bushen Huoxue decoction	12 weeks	①②③④⑥	—
He [18]	RCT	35/37	—	N	N + Yiqihuoxuebushen decoction	12 weeks	①	—
Li [19]	RCT	50/50	Lottery	N	N + Bushen Huoxuexingyu decoction	4—8 weeks	①	—
Li [20]	RCT	39/39	TRD	N	N + Bushen Huoxue decoction	8 weeks	①⑤	—
Liao [21]	RCT	57/57	—	N	N + Bushen Huoxue decoction	8weeks	①②④	—
Liu et al. [22]	RCT	45/45	Lottery	N	N + Bushentongluoxingyu decoction	12 weeks	①⑦	8/2
Liu [23]	RCT	45/45	Lottery	N	N + Yiqihuoxuebushen decoction	8–12 weeks	①②④⑤⑦	0/0
Tu [24]	RCT	45/45	TRD	N	N + Yishenxiaoke decoction	12 weeks	①③④⑥⑦	1/1
Wang [25]	RCT	30/30	—	N	N + Bushen Huoxue decoction	8 weeks	①②④	—
Wang and He [26]	RCT	30/30	TRD	N	N + Bushen Huoxuexiezhuo decoction	4weeks	①③⑤⑥	—
Wang [27]	RCT	48/48	TRD	N	N + Jinguishenqi pills combined with Taohongsiwu decoction	8weeks	①②④⑦	0/0
Yun et al. [28]	RCT	100/100	Lottery	N	N + Baoshentongluo decoction	8 weeks	①③⑤⑥⑦	9/15
Zhang and Zhi [29]	RCT	40/40	—	N	N + Jiangtanghuoxue decoction	4weeks	①②③④⑥	—
Zhang [30]	RCT	30/30	TRD	N	N + Xinshenkang capsules	24 weeks	①	—
Zhang [31]	RCT	25/25	—	N	N + Bushen Huoxue decoction	12 weeks	①⑤	—
Zhang et al. [32]	RCT	32/30	—	N	N + Bushen Huoxue decoction	8 weeks	①②③⑤⑥	—
Huang [33]	RCT	36/36	TRD	N	N + Bushen Huoxue decoction	12 weeks	①②③④⑤⑥⑦	1/2
Li and Ren [34]	RCT	72/72	TRD	N	N + Bushen Huoxue decoction	8 weeks	②③④	—

TRD: table of random digit; N: conventional Western medicine for DKD, including blood glucose control, blood pressure lowering, lipid regulation, and other conventional treatments; E: experimental group; C: control group; -: not mentioned; ① total effective rate; ② glucose-related indexes (including at least one of FBG and HbA1c); ③ Crea; ④ 24h UTP; ⑤ UAER; ⑥ BUN; and ⑦ adverse effects. Details of group E interventions are as follows: Bushen Huoxue decoction/granules [12, 13, 17, 20, 21, 25, 31–34] is a herbal preparation with very clear Bushen Huoxue effects only. In addition, Baoshentongluo decoction [14, 15, 28], Yishenxiaoke decoction [24], Jiangtanghuoxue decoction [16, 29], Yiqihuoxuebushen decoction [18, 23], Bushentongluoxingyu decoction [19, 22], Bushen Huoxuexiezhuo decoction [26], Jinguishenqi pills combined with Taohongsiwu decoction [27], and Xinshenkang capsules [30] all have Bushen Huoxue as the main effect Chinese herbal formulas, and these interventions and specific medications are clearly described in the corresponding original texts.