Research Article

Economic Impacts of Using Switchgrass as a Feedstock for Ethanol Production: A Case Study Located in East Tennessee

Table 1

Definition of variables and parameters for BeSTA Model.

Variables/
parameters/
subscripts
UnitDefinition

Variables
HaSwitchgrass produced annually
 AHHaSwitchgrass harvested monthly from November to February
 XCMgSwitchgrass produced annually
 XHMgSwitchgrass harvested monthly from November to February
 XTNMgSwitchgrass transported directly to the biorefinery after harvest from November to February
 NXSMgTons of switchgrass newly stored monthly from November to February
 XSMgSwitchgrass stored monthly from November to October
 XTOMgswitchgrass transported from storage to the biorefinery from March to October
 NumbNumber of equipment used in harvest
KlQuantity of ethanol produced in each month
Parameters
 BEP$/haBreakeven price of planting switchgrass as an alternative to traditional crops
 Γ$/tonStorage cost per ton
 Θ$/tonTransportation cost per ton from field to the biorefinery
 AahaCropland available in each hexagon for each crop
Mg/haSwitchgrass yield
 DMLstor%Dry matter loss during storage
 DMLtrans%Dry matter loss during transportation
 Mtbhour/haMachine time per ha for each machinery
 AvehourhourAvailable average working hours of machinery in each month
 Λkl/MgConversion rate of switchgrass to ethanol
Subscripts
Month
Locations of biomass production field
Location of the biorefinery
Crop type
Harvest method (square baler, round baler)
Storage protection method